Encoding
a memory aid for something, often taking the form of a rhyme or an acronym
What is a mnemonic?
the part of the brain that processes explicit memories
hippocampus
the act of retrieving information or events from the past while lacking a specific cue
What is recall?
If stored memories in the long-term memory are not reviewed or used, over time they will...
What is decay?
The variable which is being manipulated. Ex. what the experiment is really doing.
What is the independent variable?
The process of getting information into memory is called
What is encoding?
For example, recalling the exact circumstances when you learned about a significant world event, such as the election of the first Black U.S. president, Barack Obama.
What is flashbulb memory?
describes our tendency to remember information that is at the beginning or end of a series, but find it harder to recall information in the middle of the series.
What is the serial position effect?
The ability for our memories to be questioned, faulty, or fabricated due to subtle misleading information is known as
What is the misinformation effect?
The group in a study which is not receiving the independent variable. Ex. THE NORMIES!!!!!!
What is the control group?
Effortful processing can occur only with
What is conscious effort?
memory that takes conscious effort to place in our short term and long term memory.
What is explicit memory?
Sherry easily remembers the telephone reservation number for Holiday Inns by using the mnemonic 1-800-HOLIDAY. She is using a memory aid known as
What is chunking?
Ebbinghaus discovered that the rate at which we forget newly learned information is initially ***think back to that chart we saw in class***
What is rapid and subsequently slows down.
a statement of the procedures used to define research variables. This can be anything along as the measurement system can be replicated for future use.
What is the operational definition?
This type of encoding, a type of deep processing, involves using meaning or context to store information.
What is semantic encoding?
also known as unconscious or automatic memory, which refers to the information that we do not store purposely and is unintentionally memorized
What is implicit memory?
stimuli that help people retrieve memories; can be present in the external environment, such as sounds, smells, and sights
What are retrieval cues?
Arnold so easily remembers his old girlfriend's telephone number that he finds it difficult to recall his new girlfriend's number. Arnold's difficulty best illustrates
What is proactive interference?
This method is used in experiments in order to eliminate the potential for biased groups
What is the random assignment?
The integration of new incoming information with knowledge retrieved from long-term memory involves the activity of
What is working memory?
Some information in our fleeting ________ is encoded into short-term memory.
What is sensory?
For example, if you learned something while drunk, you will have a higher chance of remembering it if you are also drunk.
What is state-dependent memory?
a form of memory loss that causes an inability to remember events from the past
What is retrograde amnesia?
An experiment in which neither the participant nor the researcher knows whether the participant has received the treatment or the placebo
What is a double blind study?