Muscle Basics
What does contractility mean?
Muscle tissue can contract or shorten with great force.
What process breaks down glucose without oxygen to release energy?
Anaerobic respiration.
About how many muscles are in the human body?
600.
What does anterior mean?
In the front.
What is the muscle cell membrane called?
Sarcolemma
What does extensibility mean?
Muscle can be stretched.
What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
Converts sugars into usable energy (ATP).
What muscle pumps blood throughout the body?
The heart.
What does posterior mean?
In the back.
What part of the muscle fiber contains the genetic material?
Nucleus.
What is muscle tone?
Constant mild tension in a muscle, even when not actively contracted.
What are the two types of respiration used by muscles?
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
What is the strongest tendon in the body?
The Achilles tendon.
What is the name of the four muscles that hold the humerus in the shoulder joint?
Rotator cuff
What structure stores calcium in the muscle fiber?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum.
What are intercostal muscles and where are they located?
Muscles located between the ribs.
Which molecule provides energy for muscle contraction?
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate).
Which muscle group is located in the back of the thigh?
The hamstring.
What does the word contract mean?
To shorten or tighten.
What are the long thread-like units that contract inside the muscle fiber?
Myofibrils.
What is another term for a single muscle cell?
Muscle fiber.
What substance causes fatigue if it builds up in muscle cells?
Lactic acid.
Which muscle pair works together to move the forearm?
The biceps and triceps.
What does the word relax mean in muscle terms?
To loosen or lengthen after contraction.
What part of the muscle cell produces ATP for energy?
Mitochondria.