General Rules
Probability
Probability Vocabulary
Probability Rules
Misc
100
Given an event, A, what equation gives you the probability that event A will NOT occur?
What is ....
P(A') = 1 - P(A)
or
P(A')+P(A)=1
100
A coin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability that it lands on heads exactly one time?
What is...
0.375
100
Two events are this if they share no outcomes in common
What is...
mutually exclusive or disjoint
100
The rule for finding the probability of rolling a fair die three times and getting three fours.
What is ...
P(rolling three 4s) = P(4)*P(4)*P(4) = P(4)^3
or (1/6)*(1/6)*(1/6)= (1/6)^3
100
A standardized score
What is a
z-score
200
Given two independent events, A and B, what is the probability that event A and B occurs.
What is...
P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B)
200
Armando is a high school baseball player. He gets a hit 70% of the time. That means his average is 0.70. What is the probability that he gets his first successful hit on his third swing?
What is ...
0.3*0.3*0.7= 0.063
200
Variable where the number of outcomes can be counted and each outcome has a measurable and positive probability
What is...
Discrete Random Variable
200
The rule for the probability of pulling a red or queen from a standard deck of cards.
What is...
P(Red or Queen)= P(red)+P(queen) - P(red and queen)
200
The difference between and observed value of a response variable and its predicted value from a regression equation
What is a...
Residual
300
Given two mutually exclusive events, A and B, what is the probability that event A or event B occurs?
What is ...
P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B)
300
65% of people are lactose intolerant. What is the probability that a researcher randomly selecting from the population does not select someone who is lactose intolerant until the 4th person?
What is...
geometpdf(p = .65, x = 4) = .0279
or
.35*.35*.35*.65
300
two events that cannot occur together, but one must happen
What is...
complementary
300
The rule for finding the probability of a female given that they are an AP stats student.
What is ... P(Female| AP Stats Student)= P(Female AP Stats student)/P(AP Stats student)
300
A sampling design in which entire groups are chosen at random
What is....
Cluster Sampling
400
Given two events, A and B, what is the probability that event A and B occurs.
What is...
P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B|A)
400
90% of the people who have a particular disease will have a positive result on a given diagnostic test (90% accuracy). If 5% of a certain population has the disease, what percent of that population would test positive for the disease?
What is ...
14% or 0.14
400
If P(A) = .3 and the P(B) = .5 and the P(A|B) = .3, these events are...
what is ...
dependent
400
The probability of not drawing a red ace or a club from a standard deck of card
What is ...
1- P(drawing a red ace) - P(drawing a club)
400
When the null hypothesis is not rejected but it is in fact false
What is a...
Type II error
500
Given two events, A and B, what is the probability that event A or event B occurs?
What is ...
P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
or
P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B) - P(A)*P(B|A)
500
The distribution of seat heights of standard dining chairs is approximately normal with a mean of 18.5 inches and a standard deviation of 0.5 inches. What is the probability of randomly selecting a standard dining chair with a seat height greater than 19.2 inches?
What is...
.0808
500
contains all of the possible outcomes
what is...
sample space
500
The rule for pulling 4 or more clubs (with replaement) when drawing 7 cards from a standard 52 card deck.
What is ...
1 - P(3 or fewer clubs) = 1 - binomcdf(n = 7, p = .25, x = 3)
500
What is the value of the correlation coefficient?
What is...
r = -.845