Sampling & Experiments
Interpretations
Important Things You May Have Forgotten
Probability Rules!
Calculator Commands
100

Neither the subject nor those who measure the response variable know which treatment a subject received.

What is a double-blind experiment?

100
P-value = 0.001
What is "since the P-value is less than any reasonable significance level, we reject the null hypothesis, and conclude there is significance evidence to support the alternative hypothesis"?
100

How to identify outliers for one variable (univariate) data

What is Q1 - 1.5(IQR) and Q3 + 1.5(IQR)?

100

Find the probability of rolling a fair die three times and getting three fours.

What is P(rolling three 4s) = P(4)*P(4)*P(4) = P(4)^3

(1/6)^3=.005

100

The correlation coefficient between data sets in L1 and L2

What is STAT-->CALC-->8:LinReg(a+bx) L1, L2?

200

A common form of blocking for comparing two treatments. (and which requires a One Sample T-Test for inference)

What is matched pairs?

200
The slope in the least-square regression line, y = 15 - 4x
What is "For every one unit increase in the explanatory variable, there is on average a 4 unit decrease in the reponse variable"?
200

How do you find the expected value of a discrete random variable?

Take the mean of the random variable -- found by summing the products of the values of x and their respective probabilities.

200

The rule for the probability of pulling a red or queen from a standard deck of cards.

What is P(red or queen) = P(red) + P(queen) - P(red and queen)

(26/52)+(4/25)-(2/52)

200
The probability of at least 8 successes in 12 trials given a probability of success of 45%.
What is DISTR (or 2nd VARS)--> 1-binomcdf(12,.45,7)?
300
When some groups in the population are left out of the process of choosing a sample
What is undercoverage?
300
A z-score of -3.45
What is "The data value is 3.45 standard deviations below the mean"?
300
How to determine if two events, A and B, are independent
What is P(B|A) = P(B) or P(A and B) = P(A)P(B)?
300

What is notion/rule for finding the probability of selecting a Senior, given that they are an AP Stats student

What is 

P(Senior|AP Stats Student) =

P(Senior AP Stats Student)/P(AP Stats Student)

300
The z* for a 92% confidence interval
What is DISTR (or 2nd VARS)--> invNorm(.96)?
400
The population is divided into groups. Some groups are randomly selected and all individuals in the chosen groups are sampled.
What is cluster sampling?
400
NormCDF(-1e99, 2, 0, 1)

The area under the normal curve below positive 2 standard deviations.

400

What does InvNorm tell us?

What Z value corresponds to a certain area under the curve.

400

The rule for finding the probability of obtaining the first success on the 4th trial with a 25% success rate.

geometrpdf(.25, 4)

400

The chi-squared test statistic with observed values in L1 and expected counts in L2

What is (L1-L2)^2/L2-->L3 then sum(L3), OR x^2GOFTest(L1, L2, n-2)

500
The effects of two variables on the response cannot be distinguished from each other.
What is confounding?
500
The 95% confidence interval (-4.25, -1.33) for the difference of two means (mean #1 - mean #2).
What is "With 95% confidence, we estimate that mean #1 is between 4.25 and 1.33 units less than mean #2"
500

The mean and standard deviation of the sampling distribution of sample means

The standard deviation of the sampling distribution of sample means is equal to the population standard deviation divided by the square root of the sample size? aka ΓΈ/sqrt(n)


T he mean is equal to the mean of the population

500

How do you find the probability of 10 or fewer successes in 15 trials, when P(success)=0.5

BinomCDF(15, 0.5, 10) = .94

500
Ten random intergers from 1 to 100.
What is MATH--> PRB--> 5: RantInt(1,100,10)
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