General Rules
Given an event, A, what equation gives you the probability that event A will NOT occur?
What is ....
P(A') = 1 - P(A)
or
P(A')+P(A)=1
The rule for finding the probability of rolling a fair die three times and getting three fours.
What is ...
P(rolling three 4s) = P(4)*P(4)*P(4) = P(4)^3
or (1/6)*(1/6)*(1/6)= (1/6)^3
Events that do not impact each other's probability.
What is...
independent
A coin is tossed 3 times. What is the probability that it lands on heads exactly one time?
What is...
0.375
What is a sample space?
The collection of all possible outcomes.
Given two independent events, A and B, what is the probability that event A and B occurs.
What is...
P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B)
The rule for the probability of pulling a red or queen from a standard deck of cards.
What is...
P(Red or Queen)= P(red)+P(queen) - P(red and queen)
two events that cannot occur simultaneously
What is....
mutually exclusive or disjoint
Armando is a high school baseball player. He gets a hit 70% of the time. That means his average is 0.70. What is the probability that he gets his first successful hit on his third swing?
What is ...
0.3*0.3*0.7= 0.063
What makes an event mutually exclusive or not?
Mutually exclusive events can never occur at the same time, when they can happen at the same time then they are not.
Given two mutually exclusive events, A and B, what is the probability that event A or event B occurs?
What is ...
P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B)
The rule for finding the probability of a female given that they are an AP stats student.
What is ...
P(Female| AP Stats Student)= P(Female AP Stats student)/P(AP Stats student)
two events that cannot occur together, but one must happen
What is...
complementary
The two equations used to determine independence between 2 events.
What is...
P(A|B)=P(A)
or
P(B|A)=P(B)
What makes an event independent?
If the previous trials have no effect on the future trials and each trial has the same probability.
Given two events, A and B, what is the probability that event A and B occurs.
What is...
P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B|A)
The probability of not drawing a red ace or a club from a standard deck of card
What is ...
1- P(drawing a red ace) - P(drawing a club)
events that do not impact each other's probability
what is ...
dependent
90% of the people who have a particular disease will have a positive result on a given diagnostic test (90% accuracy). If 5% of a certain population has the disease, what percent of that population would test positive for the disease?
What is ...
14% or 0.14
What is a binomial distribution?
The amount of successes after a set number of trials, with each trial being independent.
Given two events, A and B, what is the probability that event A or event B occurs?
What is ...
P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)
or
P(A or B)= P(A) + P(B) - P(A)*P(B|A)
The rule for finding the probability of 2 or more people from a group of 5 having the same birthday
What is ...
1- P(none have the same birthday)
P(none have the same birthday)= (365/365) *(364/365) * (363/365) * (362/365) * (361/365)
contains all of the possible outcomes
what is...
sample space
Two events are this if they share no outcomes in common
What is ...
disjoint or mutually exclusive
What is a geometric distribution
The amount of trials it takes to get a success with each trial being independent.