Intro to Human Body
What are the three planes most commonly used in anatomy?
sagittal
frontal
transverse
A substance formed of crystals of equal numbers of cations and anions held together by ionic bonds is called a(n) ________.
b. salt
Choose the answer that best completes the following analogy: Diffusion is to ________ as endocytosis is to ________.
b. osmosis; pinocytosis
Discuss the major locations of the 4 main tissue types.
nervous
epithelial
muscle
connective
label slide 1
RUQ
RLW
LUQ
LLQ
The body system responsible for structural support and movement is the ________.
d. skeletal system
CH4 is methane. This compound is ________.
b. organic
Which of the following is a feature common to all three components of the cytoskeleton?
c. They are all polymers of protein subunits.
describe the main difference between simple and stratified.
the layering is the difference
one is layered one cell to base
stratified is multiple cells attached to base with others on top
Label Slide 2
stimulus
sensor
control
effector
response
Describe proximal and distal.
Which of the following statements about chemical bonds is true?
a. Ionic bonds are stronger than Covalent bonds.
Which of the following is a function of the rough ER?
a. production of proteins
Differentiated cells in a developing embryo derive from ________.
b. ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
Label Slide 3
cranial cavity
vertebral cavity
ventral body cavity
abdominopelvic
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important molecule because it ________.
c. stores energy for use by body cells
Describe the 3 kinds of chemical reactions.
A synthesis reaction is a chemical reaction that results in the synthesis (joining) of components that were formerly separate
A decomposition reaction is a chemical reaction that breaks down or “de-composes” something larger into its constituent parts
An exchange reaction is a chemical reaction in which both synthesis and decomposition occur, chemical bonds are both formed and broken, and chemical energy is absorbed, stored, and released
Which of the following organelles produces large quantities of ATP when both glucose and oxygen are available to the cell?
a. mitochondria
Describe the body's response to tissue injury
Inflammation is the standard, initial response of the body to injury.
label slide 4
dendrites
nucleus
synapse
axon
What are the 6 levels of organization?
chemical
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organismal
Could two atoms of oxygen engage in ionic bonding? Why or why not?
Identical atoms have identical electronegativity and cannot form ionic bonds. Oxygen, for example, has six electrons in its valence shell. Neither donating nor accepting the valence shell electrons of the other will result in the oxygen atoms completing their valence shells. Two atoms of the same element always form covalent bonds.
Contrast transcription and translation. Name at least three differences between the two processes.
Transcription is really a “copy” process and translation is really an “interpretation” process, because transcription involves copying the DNA message into a very similar RNA message whereas translation involves converting the RNA message into the very different amino acid message. The two processes also differ in their location: transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm. The mechanisms by which the two processes are performed are also completely different: transcription utilizes polymerase enzymes to build mRNA whereas translation utilizes different kinds of RNA to build protein.
What is the function of synovial membranes?
Synovial membranes are a type of connective tissue membrane that supports mobility in joints. The membrane lines the joint cavity and contains fibroblasts that produce hyaluronan, which leads to the production of synovial fluid, a natural lubricant that enables the bones of a joint to move freely against one another.
label slide 5
right hypochondriac
right lumbar
right iliac
epigastric
umbilical
hypogastric