East Asia/Southeast Asia
A fast ripening and drought resistant strain of rice from Vietnam that greatly expanded agricultural production in China
Champa Rice
The title for the leader of the Seljuk Turks
Sultan
In contrast to most Asian or European societies, those in Sub-saharan Africa did not centralize power under one leader or central government. Instead, communities formed these, where families governed themselves.
Kin-Based Networks
Rule by religious leaders
Theocracy
The body to advise the king of France that included representatives from each of the three legal classes; the clery, the nobility, and the commoners.
Estates-General
A hiring system based on merit that allowed for upward mobility
Meritocracy
Coming from Central Asia, they conquered the Abbasid Empire in 1258 and ended the Seljuk Rule.
Mongols
A male head of a kin-based network who mediated conflicts and dealt with neighboring groups.
Chief
Part of the Incan religion was a belief that elements of the physical world could have supernatural powers was called...
Animism
Document signed by King John of England in 1215 forcing the King to respect certain rights and limiting the power fo the King.
Magna Carta
Focused on Chanting, became strongest in Tibet
Tibetan Buddhism
A renowned center of learning in Baghdad was this place.
House of Wisdom
The Kingdom of Axum. A Christian-led kingdom in North Africa south of Egypt. They ordered the creation of 11 massive churches made entirely of rock. From the 12th century through the 16th century this kingdom was an island of Christianity on the continent of Africa.
Ethiopia
Social standing is determined by the woman's side of the Family
Matrilineal Society
A period characterized by a revival of interest in classical Greek and Roman literature, culture, art, and civic virtue.
The Renaissance
Focused on Spiritual Growth for all beings and on service. Strongest in China and Korea.
Theravada Buddhism
Emphasized introspection to grasp truths that could not be understood through learning. May have begun as a mystical response to the love of luxury by the Umayyad Caliphate. These missionaries played an important role in the spread of Islam.
Sufis
The Hausa people benefited from this thriving network of trading routes across the great desert in North Africa.
Trans-Saharan Trade Network
A massive roadway system created by captive labor in the Incan Empire with some 25,000 miles of roads used mainly by the government and military.
Carpa Nan
A power struggle between the Holy Roman Empire and the Pope over whether a secular (non-religious) leader, rather than the Pope, could invest bishops with symbols of office. It was finally resolved with the concordant of Worms in 1122.
Sea-Based Buddhist kingdom in Southeast Asia was based on Java and had 98 tributaries at its height and sustained its power by controlling the seas
Majahapit Kingdom
They were frequently ethnic Turks from Central Asia who were enslaved by Arabs to serve as soldiers and later as bureaucrats.
Mamluks
Nestled between the Sahara and the tropical rainforests of the West African coast, this kingdom was believed to have been founded during the 5th century. It reached its peak of influence from the 8th to the 11th centuries. Its capital was Koumbi Saleh. This country was...
Mali
Incan tribal leader who began conquering the tribes living in what is now Cuzco, Peru, in 1438. His military victories, followed by those of his son, combined the small tribes into a full-fledged state, the Incan Empire.
Pachacuti
The Middle Class, including shopkeepers, merchants, craftspeople, and small land-owners.
Burghers or the Bourgeoisie