Formal Powers
This presidential power allows rejection of a bill passed by Congress.
What is a veto?
The president’s ability to negotiate with Congress to gain support for policies.
What is bargaining and persuasion?
These officials head executive departments and advise the president.
What is the Cabinet?
When the president does not sign a bill within 10 days, and Congress adjourns.
What is a pocket veto?
He set the precedent of serving only two terms.
Who is George Washington?
The president serves as head of the armed forces under this constitutional role.
What is Commander in Chief?
Theodore Roosevelt’s term for using the presidency as a platform to speak directly to the people.
What is the bully pulpit?
This senior aide manages the White House staff and access to the president.
Who is the Chief of Staff?
This 1973 law limits the president’s ability to commit troops without congressional approval.
What is the War Powers Act?
This president expanded power through frequent veto use and populist appeal.
Who is Andrew Jackson?
This type of agreement with foreign nations does not require Senate approval.
What is an executive agreement?
Written comments issued when signing a bill, often to explain the interpretation.
What are signing statements?
Senior military leaders who advise the president on defense matters.
Who are the Joint Chiefs of Staff?
This veto power, allowing rejection of specific parts of a bill, was ruled unconstitutional.
What is the line-item veto?
He asserted broad war powers during the Civil War.
Who is Abraham Lincoln?
A directive issued by the president that has the force of law.
What is an executive order?
The president’s set of priorities and issues promoted to the public and Congress.
What is the policy agenda?
Official representatives of the U.S. abroad, appointed by the president.
Who are ambassadors?
Term describing a president who acts beyond constitutional limits, especially in foreign policy.
What is the imperial presidency?
This president’s four terms led to the passage of the Twenty-second Amendment.
Who is Franklin D. Roosevelt?
This power allows the president to withhold information from Congress or the courts.
What is executive privilege?
Franklin Roosevelt used this informal power through radio broadcasts called “fireside chats.”
What is persuasion through media?
This office works to control information and shape the president’s message.
What is the communications office?
The Constitution requires the president to report to Congress on this annually.
What is the State of the Union Address?
In Federalist No. 70, he argued for a single, energetic executive.
Who is Alexander Hamilton?