The Cell Cycle
Diabetes
Positive/Negative Feedback
Cell Communication
Vocabulary
100
Which stage of Mitosis will the chromosomes be pulled apart?
Anaphase
100
This hormone helps to decrease blood sugar levels when they're too high
Insulin
100
You go for a run and your body temperature increases. Your body responds by sweating, which decreases your body temperature.
Positive or Negative Feedback?
Negative Feedback
100
This type of cellular communication will occur with cells that are in the vicinity of the cell releasing the signal
Paracrine
100
An organism's ability to survive, reproduce, and to pass its genetic material onto offspring
Fitness
200
The "M Phase" of the Cell Cycle consists of which major stages?
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
200
Type I diabetes attacks these cells within the pancreas
Beta Cells
200
Bananas will ripen through positive feedback. Which hormone do they both release, and ripen in response to?
Ethylene / Ethene
Both refer to the same gas.
200
Insulin communicates with other organs through this type of cellular communication
Endocrine
200
_____ Cells are genetically identical cells produced from the Cell Cycle
Daughter
300
What is the name of relaxed, uncondensed DNA that is found in the nucleus?
Chromatin
300
How many types of Diabetes are there?
(Wording of answers can vary)
A lot
300
Palpitations(pounding/fluttering/racing heart), nausea, and sweating occur with vomiting. These symptoms will make the person sensitive to further activation from the original stimuli.
Positive or Negative Feedback?
Positive Feedback
300
Juxtacrine
300
When DNA is replicated during the Cell Cycle, each strand of this replicated DNA is known as a Sister _____________
Chromatid
400
The ___________ sends out microtubules(Called Spindle Fibers) that will attach to the ____________ of chromosomes.
List both as your answer.
1) Centrosome(centrioles)
2) Centromere
400
Most of the sugar in our body is stored in this organ
Muscle
400
Glucagon, through negative feedback, will increase/decrease which of the following?
1) Uptake
2) Glycogenesis
3) Glycogenolysis
4) Gluconeogenesis
Must get all 4 correct:
1) Uptake - Decreased
2) Glycogenesis - Decreased
3) Glycogenolysis - Increased
4) Gluconeogenesis - Increased
400
Paracrine
400
Organs that produce and release hormones into our bloodstream
Glands
500
We covered three events that occur during Prophase:
1) Chromosomes condense
2) The nuclear envelope breaks down
Name the third event
Centrosomes(centrioles) move to the poles
500
What percent of all pregnancies in the United States will go on to develop Type 2 Diabetes(As a result of Gestational Diabetes)?
1%-5%
2%-10% of All pregnancies will develop Gestational
50% of Gestational will go on to develop Type 2
(2% x 0.5 = 1%, 10% x 0.5 = 5%)
500
Breastfeeding is a positive feedback loop. Suckling from the baby sends a neuron message to the brain, and the brain responds. What hormone(s) is/are released in response to this neuron message?
Oxytocin and Prolactin
500
When activated T Cells(white blood cells) produce interleukin-2(IL-2), it leads to the proliferation and expansion of these activated T cells. IL-2 is a cytokine that acts as a potent growth factor.
Autocrine
500
The thyroid releases 2 hormones in response to TSH(Thyroid Stimulating Hormone): T3 and T4. The full name of the T4 hormone is ___________
Thyroxine