Unit 3 (a)
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and to petition
What is the First Amednment?
All powers not given to the national government or prohibited to the states are reserved to states or to the people
What is the 10th Amednment?
Has the power to introduce laws
What is the legislative branch?
This group preferred a weak central government because they equated a strong government with British tyranny.
What are the Anti-Federalists?
This case decided whether a state could compel children to attend school beyond eighth grade even if it violated the students’ sincerely held religious beliefs
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
The Supreme Court ruled that neither students nor teachers “shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.”
What is Tinker v. Des Moines?
Has the power to declare laws unconstitutional
What is the judicial branch?
The national government lacking an effective power to raise revenue was a failure of this
What is the Articles of Confederation?
The ruling in this case declared that the sixth Amendment right-to-counsel provision applies to those accused of major crimes under state laws
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
Prohibits the setting up of a state church
What is the establishment clause?
The Supreme Court’s power to review whether acts of the legislative branch, the executive branch, and state governments are consistent with the Constitution, and to strike down acts it finds unconstitutional
What is judicial review?
Checks and balances were discussed in this document
What is Federalist #51?
This prohibited discrimination in public places, provided for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and made employment discrimination illegal
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
The requirement, imposed by law or administrative regulation, that an organization take positive steps to increase the number or proportion of women, African Americans, or other minorities in its membership.
What is affirmative action?
This case opened the door to equal protection challenges to redistricting and the development of the “one person, one vote” doctrine by ruling that challenges to redistricting did not raise “political questions” that would keep federal courts from reviewing such challenges.
What is Baker v. Carr?
In this document it was argued that a system of republican representation helps to control factions
What is Federalist #10?
This provision protects a citizen from imprisonment without trial
What is due process?
In Roe v. Wade (1973), the United States Supreme Court used this provision of the United States Constitution to extend the right to privacy to women seeking abortions
What is the due process clause?
Majority-minority districts, created under the Voting Rights Act of 1965, may be constitutionally challenged by voters if race is the only factor used in creating the district.
What is Shaw v. Reno?
Declared that Congress has implied powers necessary to implement its enumerated powers and established supremacy of the Constitution and federal laws over state laws
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?