Amendments
The Free Exercise Clause is associated with this amendment
What is the 1st amendment?
The Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms for the purpose of self-defense is applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment.
What is McDonald v. Chicago?
This occurs when the President takes no action on a bill for ten days during which Congress is adjourned.
What is a pocket veto?
Provide funding for local projects that are intended to benefit constituents
What is pork barrel?
Did not support ratification of the Constitution unless a Bill of Rights was included.
Who are Anti-Federalists?
The Establishment Clause is associated with this amendment
What is the 1st amendment?
In this ruling, racial gerrymandering was ruled unconstitutional
What is Shaw v. Reno?
in this case it was ruled that separation of students by race, even in equally good schools, is unconstitutional
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
Networks of congressional committees, bureaucratic agencies, and interest groups that strongly influence the policy process
What is an iron triangle?
Believed a centralized government posed a major threat to individual rights
Who are Anti-Federalists?
The government cannot require excessive bail in criminal trials; The government cannot inflict punishments that are considered cruel or unusual
What is the 8th amendment?
Rural districts had fewer people, representation was unevenly distributed; thus, an individual was denied equal protection under the law.
What is Baker v. Carr?
The Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990 was struck down as unconstitutional because it exceeded the commerce clause.
What is United States v. Lopez?
Establishing the boundaries of United States congressional districts to give one party an advantage over another party
What is gerrymandering?
In this document, Madison argues that a system of republican representation helps to limit the extremes of factionalism
What is Federalist 10?
The Equal Protection clause is associated with this amendment
What is the 14th amendment?
This case decided whether a state could compel children to attend school beyond eighth grade even if it violated the students’ sincerely held religious beliefs
What is Wisconsin v. Yoder?
The establishment of two legislative chambers that have different structures and rules
What is Bicameralism?
A political perspective that argues a small, powerful group of individuals, often wealthy and well-connected, hold a disproportionate amount of influence over government policymaking, essentially controlling the political process to benefit their own interests rather than the general public
What is an elitist theory?
An essay written by Alexander Hamilton that argues for the power of judicial review, explaining that the judiciary has the authority to declare laws unconstitutional if they conflict with the Constitution
What is Federalist 78?
These TWO amendments are associated with the due process clause.
What are the 5th and 14th?
The court ruled the Sixth Amendment right-to-counsel provision applies to those accused of major crimes under state laws
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
The role of this committee is to resolve differences in bills passed by the House and Senate
What is a conference committee?
This provided for a bicameral legislature with one house’s composition based upon state population and another’s on equal state representation
What is the Great Compromise?
Argues in favor of the unitary executive to ensure accountability in government. enable the president to defend against legislative encroachments on his power.
What is Federalist 70?