Unit 1
Give three significant problems with the Articles of Confederation
No Taxation, Could not raise an Army, No Federal Enforcement of Laws
What is the difference between Mandatory Spending and Discretionary spending
Mandatory- Things the government has to spend money on- Defense, Schools
Discretionary- Extra money the government has to budget out to spend money on
Explain the difference between the Free Exercise clause the the Establishment Clause
Free Exercise- Can believe whatever religion you want to believe
Establishment Clause- The government can not establish a national religion
This document was meant to challenge the Constitution and was fearful of the tyranny it would bring.
Brutus 1
What are the two court cases that dealt with Freedom of Religion
Engel v Vitale- Establishment Clause (School Prayer)
Wisconsin v Yoder- Free Exercise Clause (Amish)
Which constitutional provision allows for making changes or additions through the amendment process?
Article V
What is the difference between Reapportionment and Redistricting?
Reapportionment- Reassigning the number of representatives each state has
Redistricting- redrawing of Congressional boundaries
Name all four major Civil Rights amendments and what they do
13- Ended Slavery
14- Made everyone a citizen, Equal Protection Act
15- All citizens could now Vote
19- Women's right to vote
What are the Natural Rights listed in the Declaration of Independence?
Life, Liberty, Property, Pursuit of Happiness
Explain the difference between McCulloch v Maryland and US v Lopez
McCulloch v Maryland- Supremacy Clause and Necessary and Proper
US v Lopez- Commerce Clause
Which part of the Constitution provides for states’ rights to make laws without national oversight
Amendment X
What is the difference between a pocket veto and a Line item veto
Pocket Veto- President waits till the end of a session to veto a bill
Line Item- President vetos only a certain part of a bill
What is the difference between De Jure Segregation and De Factor Segregation
De Jure- Legalized Segregation
De Facto- Segregation that happens because of society
What did Hamilton Argue in Federalist 78?
The Federal courts were supposed to be the middle man between the people and the legislative branch.
Explain the difference between Baker v Carr and Shaw v Reno
Baker v Carr- The federal courts can hear cases on State led redistricting, "One person, One Vote"
Shaw v Reno- Can't redistrict or gerrymander based on Race
What did the 2nd Continental Congress accomplish?
Wrote Declaration of Independence, Established an Army, Acted as a temporary government, Wrote the Articles of Confederation
Explain the three parts of an Iron Triangle
Congressional Committees, Special Interest Groups, Bureaucracy
Explain the Exclusionary Rule
A law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a trial.
Which document would best show that no Federal Government Branch should be bigger than another?
Federalist 51
Court case that guaranteed the Right to a person's legal counsel
Gideon v Wainwright
Explain the Difference between the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan
Virginia Plan- Based on State Representation, House of Representatives
New Jersey Plan- All States are equal, Senate
What is Stare Decisis
using precedent to rule on a case
Explain Selective Incorporation
When the courts determine how they wish to use the bill of rights to decide cases and laws
Which Federalist paper dealt with showing the Executive Branch was needed
Federalist 70
Tinker v Des Moines