Bureacracy
The filling of administrative positions based on political support rather than on merit.
What is political patronage?
These have the force of law when issued by the president.
What are executive orders?
Essay written by Hamilton that argued that the federal judiciary would be necessary to check on the other two branches.
What is Federalist 78?
What is the House Rules Committee?
They determine the President if no candidate gets a majority of the Electoral votes.
What is the House of Representatives?
Act of Congress that set up and created the civil service commission.
What is Pendleton Civil Service Act?
The right claimed by the President to keep certain information confidential in the name of national security.
What is executive privilege?
A judicial decision that guides future decisions.
What is a precedent?
Drawing of district lines in strange shapes to benefit one specific interest or group.
What is gerrymandering?
What is the 12th Amendment?
A system of hiring and promotions that are based upon objectivity like testing, education, and other qualifications.
What is the merit system?
Amendment that places term limits on the office of the President.
What is the 22nd Amendment?
Middle level of the federal court system that exercises appellate jurisdiction.
What is the federal court of appeals?
Government spending that is required by law.
What is mandatory spending?
The informal presidential power to persuade the public through things like press conferences.
What is the bully pulpit?
The ability for the federal bureaucracy to settle disputes among the various agencies.
What is bureaucratic adjudication?
When the number of representatives of a state are reallocated after each census.
What is reapportionment?
A philosophy of constitutional interpretation where justices show caution in overturning laws.
What is judicial restraint?
A program that provides for benefits for those who qualify under the law.
What are entitlement programs?
Lame Duck Amendment that changed the Inauguration of the president to January.
What is the 20th Amendment?
Relationship between bureaucratic agencies, congressional committees, and interest groups that help to influence policy.
What is an iron triangle?
Constitutional Amendment that grants the federal government the power to impose an income tax.
What is the 16th Amendment?
This SCOTUS case helped to set the precedent of "one person, one vote" to ensure equality in representation.
What is Baker v. Carr?
When the population of a congressional or legislative district is distributed in uneven numbers.
What is malapportionment?
Constitutional Amendment that outlines Presidential succession and establishes rules of filling a vacancy in the vice-presidency.
What is the 25th Amendment?