Unit 1
What dynasty (located in Southeastern China)came after the Tang and had advancements like introducing a civil service exam, magnetic compass, and astrological clock?
The Song Dynasty
Who was the extremely ruthless leader of the Mongols?
Genghis Khan
Who were the local officials who administered districts and took a portion of the taxes as salary in the Mughal Empire?
Zamindars
The exchange of animals, plants, culture, human populations, diseases, and ideas between the Old and New world.
Columbian Exchange
Who wrote the Leviathan and established the social contract theory?
Thomas Hobbes
What empire reigned from 1206-1526 C.E. and had a centralized government where the sultan was the head of state and controlled all the departments and branches of state?
The Delhi Sultinate
Who was the explorer who voyaged to show the might of the Ming Dynasty to the rest of the world and returned with many exotic treasures?
Zheng He
The name of the revolution against the Catholic Church.
Protestant Reformation
What were some reasons for exploration?
- Find gold and silver
- Spread Christianity
- Find another route to Asia
- Control a larger empire
- Expand knowledge
The father of modern Capitalism; created the idea of "division of labor."
Adam Smith
What are the five pillars of Islam?
1. Praise Allah
2. Pray five times per day
3. Charity- Zakat
4. Do not eat during the day in the month of Ramadan
5. Go to Mecca at least once to pray to- Hajj
Who was the Moroccan explorer from the 1300s who traveled from North Africa to China whose writings are used as a primary source of historical information about the Muslim world?
Ibn Battuta
This was used in cannons and guns; very important to large empires to conquer others and maintain power.
Gunpowder
Explain the trade of goods in Triangular Trade.
Raw materials moved from North America to Europe.
Manufactured goods moved from Europe to Africa.
Enslaved Africans moved from Africa to North America.
Which social group had the highest population in France?
The extremely poor social group; could not afford basic items and food such as bread.
Name the three Mesoamerican Empires and detail about each.
Incan Empire- known for art and architecture; built roads for trade; natural landscapes (terracing, highways, and mountaintop); built Macchu Picchu
Mayan Empire- Deeply religious; worshipped many gods; performed elaborate religious ceremonies and rituals
Aztec Empire- Began as an alliance of three city-states: Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan; Believed that Gods were ill-tempered and wanted constant attention; human and animal sacrifices; incredible technology: swords, macuahuitl (wooden club); atlatl.
What were some long-term impacts of Mongolian Invasions?
- Largest continuous land empire
- Built a system of roads and maintained trade routes in Pax Mongolica
- Islamic scientific knowledge made its way to China
- Mongol conquests transmitted fleas that carried the bubonic plague
- Fighting techniques ended the use of knights in armor
Why did the Mughal Empire thrive under the rule of Akbar?
Akbar was religiously tolerant.
Explain how mercantilism relates to the desire of countries to explore.
Large countries in this time believed that there were only so many resources in the world, so they wanted to make sure that they obtain the most amount.
What three factors led to the French Revolution?
1. Spreading ideas of Enlightenment
2. The American Revolution
3. Failing economy in France
What are two reasons why the Abbasid Caliphate was considered the "Golden Age?"
Two reasons why the Abbasid Caliphate was considered the "Golden Age" were the conversions and spread of Islam and the increase in education. Islam grew because of missionaries and merchants that traveled to sell their items.
Describe two key factors that led the Mongols to claim land from Poland to the far east coast of China.
Two factors that led to the Mongols claiming land from Poland were that the Mongols were extremely skilled warriors and that they also had a strong desire to grow. They also had a large army of many people.
How did the Sunni/ Shia division in Islam impact the Safavid Empire?
The Sunni/ Shia division in Islam caused disagreements and led to many wars between the Safavid and Ottoman Empires. Shah Abbas was a Shia Muslim.
How did cash crops such as sugarcane and tobacco contribute to the trans-Atlantic slave trade?
The more that a crop is going to sell for, the more farmers want to make that crop to make more money. In order to make more of that crop, more slaves were needed.
How did John Locke's ideas influence the American Revolution?
John Locke's ideas said that the government was required to protect citizens' natural rights (life, liberty, and property). The colonists in America realized that the British government was not protecting these rights, leading to the revolution.