Legendary Scandinavian, regarded as founder of the first kingdom of Russia based in Kiev in 855 CE
Who is Rurik?
100
An organization of cities in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia for the purpose of establishing a commercial alliance.
What is Hanseatic League?
100
This pope called for the first crusade in 1095.
Who is Pope Urban II?
100
Peasant agricultural laborers in manorial system of Middle Ages.
What are serfs?
200
Mongols that captured Russian cities and largely destroyed Kiev state in 1236 are commonly referred to as such.
What are tatars?
200
Carolingian monarch of Franks; responsible for defeating Muslims in battle of Tours in 732, ended Muslim threat to western Europe.
Who is Charles Martel?
200
Constantinople was responsible for being a major agent from trading from central Europe to this silk producing country in east Asia
What is China?
200
New church constructed in Constantinople under the rule of Justinian.
What is the Hagia Sophia?
200
System of agricultural cultivation included one third in spring grains, one third fallow
What is the three field system?
300
Russian aristocrats who possessed less political power than counterparts in Western Europe.
Who are boyars?
300
This napalm like weapon was used to drive back Arab forces attacking Constantinople.
What is Greek fire?
300
Plague that struck Europe in 14th century from commerce from Asia
What is the Black Death (Black Plague is also acceptable)?
300
This ruler of Kiev converted the kingdom to Christianity
Who is Vladimir I?
300
This system includes economic relations between landlords and their peasant laborers during the Middle Ages; involved hierarchy of reciprocal obligations that exchanged labor or rents for access to land.
What is manorialism?
400
Bodies that represented privileged groups, institutionalized feudal principle that rulers should consult with their vassals; found in England, France, Germany, and Spain.
What are parliaments?
400
One of Justinian's most important military commanders during period of reconquest of western Europe; commanded north Africa and Italy.
Who is Belisarius?
400
Sworn association of people in the same business or craft in a single city
What is a guild?
400
Great Charter issued by King John of England in 1215; confirmed feudal rights against monarchical claims; represented principle of mutual limits and obligations between rulers and feudal aristocracy.
What is the Magna Carta?
400
An architectural style developed during the Middle Ages in western Europe; featured pointed arches and flying buttresses as external supports on main walls.
What is Gothic?
500
The three social groups considered most powerful in Western countries were the church, nobles, and urban leaders were also known as this.
What are the three estates?
500
Slavic kingdom established in northern portions of Balkan peninsula; constant source of pressure on Byzantine Empire; defeated by Emperor Basil in 1014.
What is Bulgaria?
500
Conflict between England and France fought over lands England possessed in France and feudal rights versus the emerging claims of national states.
What is the Hundred Years War?
500
Artistic representation; usually of a religious figure.
What is an Icon?
500
Heavy plow introduced in northern Europe during Middle Ages; permitted deeper cultivation of heavier soils; technological innovation of the medieval agricultural system