Unit 1
Tenochtitlan was the capital of what empire?
the Aztec Empire
The Silk Road
What is a Gunpowder Empire?
It is a large multiethnic state in Asia that relied on firearms and gunpowder to conquer and control other territories.
What laws in Europe gave all of each estate to the eldest son of a family?
Primogeniture Laws
What was the name of the shifts in society that began to emphasize reason and individualism in the 17th and 18th centuries?
the Enlightenment
Woodblock Printing
What was the city of Samarkand along the Silk Road known for?
It was known for its diverse religious practices.
What dynasty was established after the fall of the Ming Dynasty?
the Qing Dynasty
Who was credited with "discovering the new world" on an expedition sponsored by the Spanish monarchs?
Christopher Columbus
What concept involves feeling intense loyalty to those who share one's language and culture?
Nationalism
What was Muhammad's occupation before he had his vision?
Merchant
What were the inns found along trade routes on the Silk Road called?
Caravanserai
Under which ruler was the capital Istanbul of the Ottoman Empire established after the conquering of Constantinople?
Mehmed II
Who was the first person to circumnavigate the globe?
Ferdinand Magellan
What person was the author of Two Treatises of Government and believed people had natural rights to life, liberty, and property?
John Locke
Where in Mexico were the Mayans located?
The Yucatan Peninsula
What was the most important weapon that the Mongols used?
Bow
What ruler was nicknamed the "sun king" and espoused the theory of divine right and was basically a dictator?
Louis XIV
Who was the French explorer who sailed from the Atlantic Ocean to the St. Lawrence River in the northern U.S.?
Jacques Cartier
What person was the author of The Wealth of Nations and called for freer trade in the economy?
Adam Smith
What social classes in China were impacted most by the creation of the civil service exam?
The civil service exam impacted the middle and lower classes the most. Prior to the civil service exam, only the wealthy were able to participate in government; the civil service exam enabled lower and middle class people to attempt to become part of the government, which caused the people in those classes to have more representation and have improved lives due to more education and higher literacy rates.
What are two key factors that led the Mongols to claim land from Poland to the far east coast of China.
The Mongols had advanced military strategy and highly trained and skilled soldiers, which enabled them to conquer cities and kingdoms. Another factor that led the Mongols to conquer so much land was their strategy of ruling through local officials so that they had less responsibility for such a huge land area and number of people.
The Gutenberg Printing Press led to increased literacy, more availability of books, and faster spread of ideas because texts could be written, copied, and sold at a much faster rate. Also, because Bibles were being printed in people's language, they were able to read it themselves instead of having a priest read scriptures for them. This revealed the manipulation of the text by some priests, and it led to more questioning of the church, causing the Protestant Reformation to grow and be more widely spread.
What are the defining characteristics of someone serving as an indentured servant?
An indentured servant signs an indenture (contract) to work for a person for a number of years and receive land at the end of their term. They would sign the contract because they were poor and had no other option. They had the possibility of social and economic mobility, which made them different from chattel slaves, but many of them were never able to find financial freedom.
What are some pros and cons for an economy based on capitalism?
Pros for an economy based on capitalism are private ownership of businesses and competition leading to cheaper prices. Some cons for an economy based on capitalism are equity being uneven and more greed.