Europe and Russia Expand
What major event helped increase literacy in Europe around 1450?
A) The invention of the steam engine
B) The introduction of the printing press
C) The discovery of the Americas
D) The start of the 100 Years' War
Answer: B) The introduction of the printing press
Why were the Gunpowder Empires able to expand so successfully?
A) They had advanced naval fleets that dominated trade routes
B) Their enemies were weak and corrupt, and they had strong militaries
C) They focused on peaceful diplomacy instead of warfare
D) European powers provided them with weapons and support
Answer: B) Their enemies were weak and corrupt, and they had strong militaries
What was the belief behind the "divine right of kings"?
A) Kings were chosen by their people through elections
B) Kings were given their power directly by God
C) Kings were required to follow the laws of Parliament
D) Kings could be removed from power by the church
Answer: B) Kings were given their power directly by God
What was the primary purpose of the Devshirme system in the Ottoman Empire?
A) To collect taxes from non-Muslim citizens
B) To staff the military and government with Christian boys
C) To train Muslim scholars in religious studies
D) To spread Islam to Christian communities
Answer: B) To staff the military and government with Christian boys
What was Martin Luther’s main criticism of the Catholic Church?
A) The Church did not have enough power
B) The Church focused too much on prayer and not enough on wealth
C) The Church allowed people to buy indulgences and church positions
D) The Church supported education for women
Answer: C) The Church allowed people to buy indulgences and church positions
What was the result of Charles V’s war against German Lutherans?
A) The Catholic Church regained full control of the Holy Roman Empire
B) The Peace of Augsburg allowed each German state to choose its religion
C) Lutherans were forced to leave the Holy Roman Empire
D) The Protestant Reformation ended
Answer: B) The Peace of Augsburg allowed each German state to choose its religion
How did Akbar unify the Mughal Empire?
A) By enforcing strict Islamic law across the empire
B) By promoting religious tolerance for all faiths
C) By requiring all citizens to convert to Sikhism
D) By creating a new capital city for only Muslims
Answer: B) By promoting religious tolerance for all faiths
How did new monarchies strengthen their power in the Early Modern Period?
A) By allowing nobles to control taxes and the military
B) By decentralizing government authority
C) By controlling taxes, the military, and religion
D) By eliminating trade with other countries
Answer: C) By controlling taxes, the military, and religion
How did Tamerlane influence the rise of the Gunpowder Empires?
A) He introduced gunpowder technology to Europe
B) He built a government focused on military power, arts, and learning
C) He formed alliances with European kingdoms to fight the Ottomans
D) He ended the use of Islamic warriors in battle
Answer: B) He built a government focused on military power, arts, and learning
What role did the Justice of the Peace (JOP) serve in England?
A) They were local judges who settled disputes between nobles
B) They collected taxes and enforced laws in the name of the king
C) They led the English army during times of war
D) They were members of Parliament who limited the king’s power
Answer: B) They collected taxes and enforced laws in the name of the king
Why were Christian boys specifically chosen for the Devshirme system?
A) They were considered stronger than Muslim boys
B) They were not considered "people of the book" like Jews and Muslims
C) They volunteered to join for better opportunities
D) They were trained to become religious leaders in the empire
Answer: B) They were not considered "people of the book" like Jews and Muslims
What was the significance of Martin Luther’s 95 Theses?
A) It introduced new Catholic beliefs
B) It challenged the Catholic Church’s practices and started the Protestant Reformation
C) It helped the Pope gain more control over the Church
D) It was a set of new laws created by the Catholic Church
Answer: B) It challenged the Catholic Church’s practices and started the Protestant Reformation
What was the main cause of the conflict between Catholics and Huguenots in France?
A) Disagreements over taxation policies
B) Religious differences between Catholics and Protestants
C) A dispute over trade routes in the Mediterranean
D) A conflict over the French king’s successor
Answer: B) Religious differences between Catholics and Protestants
What was the dominant religion of the Safavid Empire?
A) Sunni Islam
B) Hinduism
C) Shi’a Islam
D) Buddhism
Answer: C) Shi’a Islam
What was one effect of the end of the Hundred Years’ War?
A) England and France united into one kingdom
B) Monarchs in Europe began to centralize their power
C) The Black Plague spread more rapidly
D) The nobility gained more power over the monarchy
Answer: B) Monarchs in Europe began to centralize their power
What was the ghazi ideal, which influenced Islamic warriors?
A) A philosophy that encouraged Islamic warriors to fight for their faith
B) A trade system that linked the Gunpowder Empires to Europe
C) A military strategy focused on naval warfare
D) A set of laws created by Tamerlane to govern Persia and India
Answer: A) A philosophy that encouraged Islamic warriors to fight for their faith
What was a key difference between the English and French monarchies?
A) The English king shared power with Parliament, while the French king ruled absolutely
B) The French king ruled with Parliament, while the English king ruled absolutely
C) The French king relied on the church for support, while the English king did not
D) The English king collected taxes himself, while the French king did not
Answer: A) The English king shared power with Parliament, while the French king ruled absolutely
What was a major benefit for Christian boys taken into the Devshirme system?
A) They were given high levels of education and government jobs
B) They were allowed to return home after training
C) They could become rulers of their home regions
D) They were able to practice Christianity freely in the empire
Answer: A) They were given high levels of education and government jobs
What was the purpose of the Council of Trent?
A) To spread Protestant beliefs across Europe
B) To correct problems in the Catholic Church and reaffirm its teachings
C) To create a new branch of Christianity
D) To remove the Pope from power
Answer: B) To correct problems in the Catholic Church and reaffirm its teachings
How did Henry IV try to end religious wars in France?
A) By converting to Catholicism and issuing the Edict of Nantes
B) By forcing all French citizens to become Protestant
C) By outlawing both Catholicism and Protestantism
D) By seeking help from the Pope to remove Huguenots from France
Answer: A) By converting to Catholicism and issuing the Edict of Nantes
Why did the Safavid Empire have conflicts with the Ottoman Empire?
A) The Safavids denied legitimacy to any Sunni Muslims
B) The Ottomans wanted to expand into Safavid territory
C) The Safavid rulers tried to conquer Ottoman lands
D) The Ottomans supported religious tolerance while the Safavids did not
Answer: A) The Safavids denied legitimacy to any Sunni Muslims
Why did European monarchs begin exploring and establishing colonies after 1450?
A) To escape the spread of disease
B) To find new lands and resources to expand their power
C) To allow more people to practice their religion freely
D) To avoid conflict with the nobility
Answer: B) To find new lands and resources to expand their power
Where did Tamerlane's empire begin, and where did it expand?
A) Started in Constantinople and expanded into Russia
B) Started in Samarkand and spread through Persia and India
C) Started in Arabia and spread into Europe
D) Started in North Africa and expanded into the Middle East
Answer: B) Started in Samarkand and spread through Persia and India
What was the role of the "intendants" in France under Louis XIV?
A) They served as members of Parliament
B) They acted as tax collectors for the king
C) They commanded the French military
D) They were nobles who helped govern local territories
Answer: B) They acted as tax collectors for the king
Who were the Janissaries in the Ottoman Empire?
A) Religious leaders who advised the sultan
B) Elite soldiers trained through the Devshirme system
C) Local governors responsible for collecting taxes
D) Peasant farmers forced to serve in the military
Answer: B) Elite soldiers trained through the Devshirme system
What role did the Counter-Reformation play in Europe?
A) It helped Protestantism become the dominant religion in Western Europe
B) It kept Catholicism as the main religion in Western Europe and the Mediterranean
C) It ended religious conflict in Europe
D) It allowed religious leaders to sell indulgences freely
Answer: B) It kept Catholicism as the main religion in Western Europe and the Mediterranean
What was a major consequence of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes?
A) Many skilled craftsmen left France, weakening the economy
B) Protestantism became the official religion of France
C) The Catholic Church lost influence in France
D) France became divided into smaller independent kingdoms
Answer: A) Many skilled craftsmen left France, weakening the economy
How did the Ottoman Empire govern using Islamic principles?
A) They enforced strict Shi’a religious laws
B) They used Sharia law as the legal system
C) They forced all citizens to convert to Islam
D) They removed non-Muslims from government positions
Answer: B) They used Sharia law as the legal system
What was a major impact of the plagues ending around 1450?
A) Population growth and economic recovery
B) A decrease in trade and exploration
C) The weakening of European monarchies
D) The fall of the printing press industry
Answer: A) Population growth and economic recovery
What ultimately led to the decline of Tamerlane’s rule?
A) Ineffective leadership that weakened the empire
B) The rise of European colonial powers
C) The loss of trade routes to the Silk Road
D) The spread of the Black Plague
Answer: A) Ineffective leadership that weakened the empire
What was a major effect of the English Bill of Rights?
A) It established the power of the Catholic Church over England
B) It strengthened the king's ability to rule absolutely
C) It ensured individual civil liberties and limited the king's power
D) It gave nobles the power to remove the king from office
Answer: C) It ensured individual civil liberties and limited the king's power
How did the Devshirme system provide a path to upward mobility?
A) It allowed boys from poor backgrounds to gain power and influence
B) It gave Christian families wealth in exchange for their sons
C) It enabled soldiers to become sultans
D) It allowed Christian boys to keep their original culture and religion
Answer: A) It allowed boys from poor backgrounds to gain power and influence
How did Catholic nations spread Catholicism beyond Europe?
A) By banning Protestant books across the continent
B) By requiring all European citizens to convert to Catholicism
C) Through colonization and missionary work in the New World
D) By making alliances with Protestant nations
Answer: C) Through colonization and missionary work in the New World
What was a major outcome of the Thirty Years’ War?
A) The Holy Roman Empire became a unified Catholic nation
B) The war strengthened the Holy Roman Emperor’s power
C) The Peace of Westphalia allowed regions to choose their religion
D) Protestantism was outlawed in Europe
Answer: C) The Peace of Westphalia allowed regions to choose their religion
How did religious tolerance change in the Ottoman Empire after Suleiman?
A) It remained the same as before
B) It increased, allowing all religions to have equal rights
C) It decreased, with fewer rights for non-Muslims
D) It was replaced by a new legal system based on European laws
Answer: C) It decreased, with fewer rights for non-Muslims