Song Dynasty
Quick-maturing agricultural development that can allow two harvests in one growing season; led to increased populations in Song Dynasty China.
Champa Rice
TRUE or FALSE: The Abbasid Caliphate was extremely centralized, unified, and politically stable across the Middle East and North Africa between 1200 and 1450
False
City coasts that actively participated in Indian Ocean trade along the East coast of the African continent; cross contact from trade created the Swahili language that came from a blend of Bantu (indigenous) and Arabic
Swahili city-states
Also known as Mexica, they created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325-1521 C.E.). They forced defeated peoples to pay tribute. Human sacrifice was common.
Aztec
What cultural element was a unifying force in Europe during the Middle Ages?
Christianity/Catholicism
A Chinese philosophy ensuring that following filial piety & the five relationships would result in a stable government and an orderly society
Confucianism
The European country Islam spread into where it's city of Cordoba held the largest library at the time and served as a place for Muslim scholars to preserve and advance knowledge
Spain
The first Islamic government established within India from 1206-1520. Expanded and contracted over the years, but never successfully converted the local populations to Islam.
Delhi Sultanate
Andean civilization with an agriculture based economy. Religion was highly influential.
Inca
an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on their lord's manor
Serf
The Confucian response to Buddhism by taking Confucian and Buddhist beliefs and combining them into this. However, it is still very much Confucian in belief. It affected the role of women in society such as with the practice of foot binding.
Neo-Confucianism
Activities from what group of people led to the expansion of the Islamic Empire
Muslim merchants
A powerful state in the African interior that traded with the Swahili city-states; known for its organization of society in stone enclosures, flourished between 1250 and 1350 C.E.
Great Zimbabwe
Floating gardens constructed along lake shores by the Mexica/Aztecs to increase agricultural yields
Chinampas
A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land
Feudalism
Bureaucrats needed to pass this to serve the imperial government
Civil Service Exam
An Islamic mystical tradition that desired a personal union with God--dedicating themselves to fasting, prayer, meditation on the Qur'an, and the avoidance of sin; missionaries spread into South Asia and were accommodating of Hindu beliefs and rituals
Sufism
An immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion toward a particular deity. It placed less emphasis on strict adherence to traditional beliefs and rituals, which made it appealing to those of lower social status and people of different beliefs.
Bhakti Movement
An economic system in Inca society where people paid taxes with their labor and what they produced; men and women were expected to contribute this labor to the state yearly
Mit'a System
Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land; the economic side of feudalism
Manorialism
In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors
Filial Piety
Large Islamic-based library and learning center in Baghdad. Focus on translation of Greek and Roman classics and Indian learning into Arabic. Preserved knowledge.
House of Wisdom
Southeast Asian kingdom known for its impressive architecture and art, was strongly influenced by Mahayana Buddhism in the 12th-14th centuries, and built famous temples such as Angkor Wat
Khmer Empire
A form of farming used in the Inca Empire; divided the hills into terraces or flat steps almost like steps; they could then control the amount of water being put into those places; led to vastly improved agriculture for the Incas
Waru Waru Agriculture
A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 undertaken by European Christians to take the Holy Land from Muslim rule; were not successful but ultimately spread culture, technology, and increased trade between Europe and Muslim regions
Crusades