SOCIAL
What is the enormous network of migration, trade, disease, and the transfer of plants and animals generated by the European colonial empires in the Americas called?
The Columbian Exchange
A grant by the Spanish Crown to a Spanish colonist in America conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from the Amerindian (Native American) inhabitants of an area.
What is the encomienda system?
What was one animal that was brought to the Americas from the Old World (Europe, Africa, Asia) during the Columbian Exchange?
Horses, Pigs, Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Donkeys, Mules, Chickens
What are some innovations that led to Europeans exploring the New World?
Mapmaking, sailing techniques, and ship designs
Magnetic compass, Astrolabe
Caravel, Carrack, Fluyt
(lateen - from Middle East)
Europeans were motivated to join this maritime trade network directly instead of going through the Ottoman Empire.
What was the Indian Ocean Trade Network?
The Ming Dynasty reintroduced this system of selecting people for the bureaucracy.
What was the Civil Service Exam?
This empire was located in India and provided a unified India. The empire's most important divide was religion; 20% were Muslims while the rest were Hindus
Mughal Empire
A new way of doing business. Entrepreneurs could buy a part of a company to share risk between investors.
Joint Stock Company
*A German priest, Martin Luther, issued this document about the various abuses within the Roman Catholic Church; ie, the Church's selling of indulgences.
*The name for the movement that Martin Luther started. This movement challenged the authority of the Catholic Church.
Ninety-five Theses
The Protestant Reformation
A form of coerced slavery in the Americas that treated slaves as personal property
Chattel Slavery
(1644-1912) Ruled by foreign and nomadic origins hailing from north of the Great Wall; the rulers sought to maintain their ethnic distinctiveness between them and the Chinese by forbidding intermarriages and enforcing the queue hairstyle.
The Qing Dynasty (Manchu)
This empire began in north western Anatolia and controlled the Middle East, North Africa, and South East and Western Asia. With the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II in 1453, the state was turned into an empire. It dissolved after World War 1.
Ottoman Empire
Rich deposits of this metal gave birth to a global network of exchange; Foreigners with it could get more silk and porcelain from China. Portuguese merchant noted that the metal "wanders throughout the world...before flocking to China, where it remains as if at its natural center."
Silver
This Chinese invention arguably had the biggest political impact on armed conflicts in the world during this time period (1450-1750)
GUNPOWDER!!!!
The Inca labor system that the Spanish modified for mining in Potosi.
What is the Mita system?
The "Great Dying," combined with other factors, meant that European settlers were seeking alternatives to indigenous coerced labor. What was the "solution" to their labor shortage?
Transatlantic slave trade
Ottoman and Safavid empires had a conflict over these two religious branches.
What are Sunni and Shia?
Leaders built monumental architecture to legitimize their rule. Give an example of a piece of architecture and the empire.
Hagia Sophia - Byzantine
Suleymanie mosque - Ottoman
Forbidden City - Ming
Palace of Versailles - France
Taj Mahal - Mughal
This group migrated to the Americas in search of religious freedom and learned to survive from encounters the Wabanaki people
The Pilgrims
The Portuguese economic system of empire on the Swahili coast and Indian Ocean Network.
Trading Post Empire
Describe a demographic shift that occurred due to the Columbian Exchange and give one reason why.
Must include: Continent, group of people, population change up or down, and reason why
open - ended - response
These two empires attempted to practice isolationism / seclusion by limiting their peoples' interactions with foreigners.
Name three foods / products / raw materials that were originally from the Americas, but had a big impact on Eurasia or Africa?
Sugar, Corn, Silver, Potatoes, Tomato, Cassava, Beans, Cacao...
What was the name of the religion that emerged from the syncretic fusing of Hinduism and Islam?
What empire was this syncretic religion created in? Which leader helped create the conditions that led to the birth of this religion?
Sikhism
Mughal Empire
Akbar the Great