Social
A worker bound by a voluntary agreement to work for a specified period of years often in return for free passage to an overseas destination. Before 1800 most were Europeans; after 1800 most indentured laborers were Asians.
Indentured Servants
Gunpowder empire (India)
Martin Luther's ideas that he posted on the church door at Wittenburg which questioned the Roman Catholic Church. This act began the Reformation
95 Theses
the science or the art of making maps
Cartography
An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought
Mercantilism
a person of mixed European and black descent, especially in the Caribbean
Creoles
Gunpowder Empire (Persians)
Safavid
A German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. He led the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther
A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.
Protestant Reformation
European purchased slaves in Africa and sold them to colonies, new materials from colonies went to Europe while European finished products were sold in the colonies.
Triangular Trade
A person of mixed Native American and European ancestry
Mestizos
A treaty signed by Portugal and Spain to divide the new world.
Treaty of Tordesillas
the first European to reach India by sea sailing around the tip of Africa.
African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti. Now commonly associated with New Orleans
Vodun
businesses formed by groups of people who jointly make an investment and share in the profits and losses
Joint-stock companies
Polygyny
The taking of more than one wife
Christian boys, taken from the Balkan provinces, converted to Islam, and recruited by force to serve the Ottoman government. The boys must passed through a series of examinations to determine their intelligence and capabilities.
Devshirme
Great Lords who were vassals ( loyals) to the Shogun
Daimyo
Members of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic order founded by Ignatius Loyola in 1534. They played an important part in the Catholic Reformation and helped create conduits of trade and knowledge between Asia and Europe.
Jesuits
Absolute legal ownership of another person, including the right to buy or sell that person.
Chattel Slavery
Ended Thirty Years War in 1648; granted right to individual rulers within the Holy Roman Empire to choose their own religion-either Protestant or Catholic
Treaty of Westphalia
Where did the Conquistadors conquer?
Modern day Mexico, Peru, Central America
Major change in thought in which the study of the natural world began to be characterized by careful observation and the questioning of accepted beliefs.
Scientific Revolution
A small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic.
Caravel
Encomienda System
Spaniards received grants of a number of Indians, from whom they could exact "tribute" in the form of gold or labor