hormones released
Neurons "talk" to neurons or effectors by chemicals called NTs. The endocrine system "talks" to target tissues with chemicals called
hormones
Effect of glucogen and cortisol
Increase glycogenolysis in liver to increase blood pressure
Gluconeogenesis from lipids and proteins and promotes use of fatty acids as a fuel
Stimulates ejection (release) of breast milk into ducts during feeding. Called "let down" and Stimulates contractions of the smooth muscles of the uterus during and following childbirth
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone
Causes kidney to reabsorb sodium back in the blood. Indirectly causes kidneys to save water to the blood because water follows sodium
The H influences development of lymphocytes that are essential for the healthy functioning of your immune system
thymosin
Is called the "master gland" because it releases more Hs than any other and affects many other glands
Pituitary
Effect of ADH
Increase water retention at kidneys thereby diluting body fluids
Aldosterone secretion would also decrease
Released in response to low blood calcium levels. It increases blood Ca++ concentration
PTH
Fast acting- epi and NE slow acting- aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone
(4) Released in response to a decrease in blood pressure. Two are fast acting for a short-term response and two are slower acting for a long-term response
This H targets (stimulates) the thyroid gland causing it to release more T3 and T4
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Organ found adjacent to first part of the small intestine containing endocrine glands for control of blood sugar levels
Pancreas
Effect of aldosterone
causes kidneys to retain sodium
Released shortly after a meal to enable muscle and fat cells to absorb glucose from the
blood.
insulin
Follicle stimulating hormone
Stimulates maturation of ovarian follicles containing eggs.
(4) Stimulates protein synthesis of structural proteins.
Growth hormone, thyroid hormone, insulin, testosterone
This type of diabetes is caused by target tissue receptors that do not respond well to insulin
type 2 diabetes
Effects of Oxytocin and Prolactin
ejects milk during feeding
Increases production of milk for next feeding
Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release its hormones (aldosterone and cortisol) during periods of prolonged stress
Adrenocorticotropic
Cortisol
A powerful anti-inflammatory agent from the adrenal cortex. You may have a synthetic version of it in your medicine cabinet at home. High levels of this H, as a result of stress depress the immune system.
Stimulates ovulation and formation of a corpus outrun after ovulation.
Luteinizing hormone
Gland that is the source of Hs associated with Fight or Flight response
adrenal medulla
Effect of Epi and Norepi
Increase HR
Increase BP by vasoconstriction and HR
Increase metabolism
Increase blood glucose
Dilates airways
Dilutes pupils
This H influences your sleeping/waking cycles and is produced mostly at night. It has a calming, soothing effect
melatonin
Glucagon
Causes glycogenolysis in the liver thereby dumping glucose into the blood
(2) regulates changes of the endometrial lining of the uterus during the monthly uterine (menstrual) cycle
Estrogen and progesterone