THE BASICS
WHAT ARE THE SIX LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION?
ATOMS...THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF MATTER
CELLS...SMALLEST UNIT OF LIFE
TISSUES...GROUPS OF CELLS WITH SIMILAR FUNCTION
ORGANS...TWO OR MORE TISSUE TYPES FOR SPECIFIC FUNCTION
ORGAN SYSTEMS...GROUPS OF ORGANS THAT WORK TOGETHER
ORGANISM...THE "LIVING BODY"
Which three body systems offer protection, support, and movement
–Integumentary -protection
–Skeletal -support
–Muscular- movement
The Integumentary system has four functions...
•First line of defense, covers the body
•Waterproofs and cushions deeper tissues
•Excretion of salts and urea in perspiration, temperature regulation
•Touch, pressure, temperature/pain receptors-information about the environment
The Cardiovascular system serves what purpose?
•Carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, other substances
Sperm and ova carry how many chromosomes?
23 each
In studying the human body, one may concentrate on its structure or function. What are these two studies called?
Anatomy and Physiology
Which two body systems involve coordination and control
Nervous - coordination
Endocrine - control
The Skeletal system has four functions...
•Supports and provides framework for movement
•Protection: skull, spinal column, ribcage
•Blood cell production: RBC, WBC, platelets
•Mineral storage: Calcium and phosphorus
What are some characteristics of the Lymphatic system?
•Complements cardiovascular system
•Fluid balance
•One way system
•Immune system
Metabolism is divided into a breakdown phase and a building phase. What are these two phases called?
Catabolism
Anabolism
Specialized groups of cells form what?
tissues
Which 2 body systems involve circulation?
–
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic
The two functions of the Muscular system are...
•Movement: muscles contract, only can pull. Result in movement, the “machines” of the body
•Heat production
What are the structures of the Respiratory system?
•Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,lungs and alveoli
What does “medial” mean?
Toward the midline of the body
Types of metabolism
•
Catabolism
Anabolism
Which 3 body systems involve nutrition and fluid balance?
-Respiratory
–Digestive
–Urinary
The Nervous System is divided into two parts...
•Central and peripheral
What is the primary function of the Digestive system?
•Break down food and absorption of nutrients into blood stream
True or False?: The pelvic cavity is superior to the abdominal cavity.
False: The pelvic cavity is inferior to the abdominal cavity.
Homeostasis is...
State of internal balance
Which body system involves the production of offspring?
–Reproductive
What are some characteristics of the Endocrine System?
•Controls body activities
•Chemical messengers-hormones
•Growth, reproduction, food use, behavior
•Slower and longer lasting than nervous system
What are the four main functions of the Urinary system?
•Filters and removes wastes from blood
•Maintains water/salt balance
•pH balance
•Blood pressure
What are the four quadrants of the Abdomen?
•Right upper
•Left upper
•Right lower
•Left lower