Urinary
Which part of the urinary system is not completely retroperitoneal?
Bladder
The force the heart must overcome to pump blood is known as ________.
cardiac output
The immune system is an organ system.
T or F
False, it is a functional defense network
Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?
Monitors for the presence of pathogens
Destroys/neutralize pathogens
Carry fat soluble vitamins absorbed from the digestive tract to venous blood flow
Returns interstitial fluid to venous blood flow
Destroys/neutralize pathogens
The color of urine is determined mainly by ________.
byproducts of red blood cell breakdown
What tissue would you expect to find lining the urinary bladder?
Transitional epithelium
In a healthy young adult, what happens to cardiac output when heart rate increases above 160 bpm?
Decreases
On which type of cells would you expect to find toll-like receptors?
Macrophages
Which structure would be the final lymphatic structure encountered when draining interstitial fluid from the left temporal region?
Left lymphatic duct
Which of the following is a major function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Produce secretions which influence blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate
What is the primary function of the glomerulus in the kidney?
Filtration of blood to form ultrafiltrate
Which of the following ECG waves is due to repolarization of all chambers?
T wave
Which type of lymphocyte is responsible for coordinating the adaptive immune response?
T Cells
Lymph flows more slowly through lymph nodes because there are more efferent vessels than afferent vessels.
False
False, It has more afferent vessels than efferent
Which receptors recognize specific patterns on pathogens and initiate the innate immune response?
Toll-like receptors
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the innate immune system that identify specific microbial components (PAMPs) and damage signals (DAMPs) to launch immediate immune defenses
In which region of the kidney would you expect to find the nephron loops responsible for concentrating urine?
Medulla
The first heart sound represents which portion of the cardiac cycle?
closing of the atrioventricular valves
The lymphatic and immune systems are functionally redundant systems
False
False, closely integrated, not redundant
Why would want a One-way valve when moving lymph?
Which is typically present in a person with type O blood?
(think antibodies)
Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma
In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism, ________.
aldosterone prompts the kidneys to reabsorb sodium
Which occurs during isovolumetric ventricular contraction?
No blood entersor leaves the ventricles.
(also, isovolumetric contraction) initial phase of ventricular contraction in which tension and pressure in the ventricle increase, but no blood is pumped or ejected from the heart From textbook
What cells of the immune system are capable of phagocytosis?
Dendritic cells, macrophages, and Neutrophils
To which structure of the cardiovascular system is lymph returned?
Subclavian veins
Give me your best description of an antibody?
Antibodies are proteins which bind to specific antigens to mount an immune response.