Ecology
Graphs
Enzymes
Microbiology
Environmental Systems
100
To determine the density of a rabbit population, you would need to know the number of rabbits and ____.
What is? : The size of the area in which they live.
100
What was the approximate atmospheric concentration of CO2 at year 0?
~275 parts per million (ppm)
100
What factors determine the effectiveness of which enzymes work under?
What are? : pH, Temperature, Concentration ratio
100
What is Apoptosis in the cell and why is important to the homeostasis of a complex organism?
Apoptosis is known as cellular death and is often controlled. It is important to the homeostasis (overall health) of a complex organism as controlled cell death can prevent diseases, cancers, etc.
100
Can a reservoir be abiotic?
Yes because reservoirs are any area that are hot spots for resources used in a system.
200
In the Image below, Identify the strategy groups:
Type I : K strategist
Type II: none
Type III: R strategist
200
Which line is not a computer-generated forecast and why would it not be computer-generated?
The black line - because it was made with historical data.
200
What is the strongest evidence which would support the RNA World Hypothesis and why is it valid?
The strongest evidence for the RNA World Hypothesis is the fact that the ribosome, a large molecular complex that assembles proteins, is a ribozyme. All complex life of which, need enzymes in order to live, ribozymes which are RNA enzymes fill the most basic of this role.
200
Why would an antibiotic not work against influenza or the common cold?
Influenza and the common cold are both viruses which do get affected by antibiotics; this is because antibiotics target living cells (bacteria) which viruses are not living, therefore 'killing' them with antibiotics would not work.
200
Why is Habitat Destruction considered a bigger contributor to a global decrease to biodiversity by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources over global warming and climate change?
While climate change and global warming are factors that can contribute to a decrease of biodiversity, habitat destruction occurs at a vastly faster rate than both climate change and global warming.
300
According to the principle of competitive exclusion, two species cannot continue to occupy the same ____ because ____.
ecological niche and ~The competitive exclusion principle states that when the populations of two species compete for the same limited resources, one population be more efficient and have a reproductive advantage that will eventually lead to the elimination of the other species in competition for resources.
300
What type of factor can affect the graph, but cannot be affected by the graph?
Any Density-Independent Factors can affect a population regardless of the size or density of the population, thus these factors are not affected by the graph.
300
What are the 3 types of Inhibitors relating to enzymes?
What are? : Competitive, Non-Competitive, & Irreversible inhibitors.
300
What are the stages of mitosis in order?
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (IPMAT)
300
why are ecologists currently concerned with global warming and the thawing of permafrost in many areas of the tundra biome?
The bacterial decomposition of thawed organic materials over the widespread areas of the tundra will produce large quantities of CO2, which will add to greenhouse gases and exacerbate global warming.
400
Why would the relationship between an innocuous species A which uses Batesian mimicry from the dangerous species B be considered commensalism as opposed to mutualism?
Species A benefits off of the dangerous patterns of Species B and gains safety through Batesian Mimicry while Species B does not benefit from this directly. Mutualism requires both participating parties to both benefit directly.
400
As opposed to other methods of graphing, why is a logarithmic plot graph used in this picture?
Logarithmic graphing is used in this scenario because the time difference between focal points on the graph is exponentially far apart, therefore using a log10 is able to capture the difference in time while being able to capture everything on the graph without skipping x or y values.
400
Why is the Induced Fit Model more widely accepted over the Lock & Key Model?
Natural enzymes activation sites will more than likely conform to the fit of a substrate close to the shape of the activation site :
400
What do each of the stages in Mitosis accomplish?
400
Why would the smallest forest fragment be the most affected by habitat fragmentation over a given period of time?
The smallest fragments would be most affected by habitat fragmentation due to disturbances flowing into the fragment from the exterior, which occurs faster as there is less area compared to a larger forest fragment.
500
In stage I, why was it more common for Humans to have high birth rates and follow a more R Strategist approach rather than the K strategy we identify with today?
Humans had much higher birth rates to combat with the high death rates, both of which are factors that follow the strategy of an R Strategist, as it following a K strategy would be too risky because of the widespread of disease in stage I.
500
Muscle contraction starts off with brain sending signals from the motor cortex (M1) in the form of electroactivity to motor neurons to muscles groups to perform involuntary contractions such as the movement of the diaphragm. In order for any neuron to react to electroactivity, the minimum of about -55mV must reach the threshold. What occurs after the threshold is reached in the graph?
Many voltage-gated Na+ channels open, which causes Na+ ions to rush into the cell. This causes the membrane potential to rise rapidly and depolarizes membrane.
500
Amylase is an enzyme that will convert starch and glycogen into simple sugars. A biotechnician notices that a batch containing amylase does not convert glycogen in the time frame needed, but meets perfect temperature, pH, and required optimal concentration levels. What may they do to increase enzyme activity and why would it work?
The Biotechnician can make use of Enzyme Activators with the Amylase as they can optimize the metabolism of the enzyme to further increase enzyme activity.