Protocols
What is TCP?
Transmission Control Protocol is a communication protocol used to exchange data between networks.
Compare proprietary and open systems by listing one benefit of each.
Proprietary - Technology usage can remain private
Open - All networks using open systems can communicate
Describe dynamic routing
Dynamic routing protocols exchange information between routers by creating & maintaining data structures and using algorithms to identify the best routes
True or False: Packets from the same data file arrive to their destination in the same order
False
What does HTTP stand for?
Double Jeopardy: For what is HTTP used? Include the two requests that we reviewed in class when looking at w3schools.
HypterText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Protocol used by the world wide web to transmit hypermedia documents, such as HTML. It was designed for communication between web browsers and web servers, but it can also be used for other purposes
Name a device/software that can protect a network from inappropriate access.
Double Jeopardy: How does it work?
A firewall
Double Jeopardy:
It filters incoming traffic, checks the validity of incoming messages, and can deny access to messages
Define fault tolerance and redundancy.
1. The ability of a system to continue to function even if part of that system fails
2. The inclusion of extra components that can be used to mitigate failure of a system if other components fail.
What is metadata?
Double Jeopardy: What is the metadata included in a packet?
Data that describes/gives information about other data
Double Jeopardy: the source and destination location
What does "IP Address" stand for? Explain the movement involved with IP
Internet Protocol deals with the movement and routing of packets through the Internet to their final destinations. Every device is assigned a unique address.
Why does an open system have interoperability?
An open system is based on a common network architecture and suite of protocols, so networks on multiple platforms can communicate.
A user goes on a website and it takes a long time to begin loading, and it completely loads quickly. This time delay is known as what?
Latency
What is a packet and why is information divided into packets?
A packet is a unit of data sent across a network. It helps send uniform-sized messages, which is more efficient. Packets can be sent individually and reassembled upon arrival at the destination.
What term refers to the ability to continue working correctly when there is large scale growth in the context of the IP address system? What system has been developed to address the problem?
Scalability
IPv6
What is a DNS? Describe how the DNS resolves a hostname.
A domain name system will send a request to a nearby domain name server. If the server can't resolve the hostname, the request continues to propagate until the hostname is resolved or the request expires.
Draw a network linking devices A, B, C, D, and E. Draw the connections such that if devices B and C both fail, information cannot get from device A to device D, but it can still get from device A to device E.
Answers may vary
List 1-2 problems/challenges with packet switching.
Double Jeopardy: What network might not be ideal for packet switching?
Packets may arrive out of order and require complex protocols for delivery.
Double Jeopardy: High-volume networks can lose data packets during high traffic.
Describe 2 differences between IPv4 and IPv6. Feel free to explain the limitations of IPv4 to help differentiate.
IPv6 can
1. identify more computers
2. provide more addresses
3. better manage network traffic because of its additional features
Name one advantage and disadvantage of sequential computing and one advantage and disadvantage of parallel computing.
Sequential: Easy to debug/fix problems, but slow
Parallel: Usually faster because of simultaneous processes, but can be more difficult to debug
Describe routing on the internet. Be sure to discuss nodes, redundancy, and fault tolerance (and explain what that means).
There are multiple paths between nodes, which creates fault tolerance, which means that we can compensate for a break or "fault" in a path by rerouting.
Travel between alternate routes is known as redundancy.
What is the term used to reference the frequency at which data flows over the internet?
Bandwith, the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, can be measured in bit-rate