Binary and Data
What is a bit?
These are the three basic building blocks of all algorithms: Selection, Iteration, and ______.
This is the hierarchical system used to translate human-readable URLs (like https://www.google.com/search?q=google.com) into IP addresses.
What is the DNS (Domain Name System)?
This is the gap between those who have access to modern information and communications technology and those who do not.
What is the Digital Divide?
This is the process of reducing complexity by hiding irrelevant details and focusing on the essential characteristics of an object or process.
What is Abstraction?
This number system uses digits 0-16 and letters A-F. It is also known as Base-16.
What is Hexadecimal?
This algorithmic concept involves repeating a set of instructions until a specific condition is met.
What is Iteration?
This protocol is responsible for breaking data into packets and ensuring they are reassembled correctly at the destination.
What is TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)?
This type of license allows creators to specify which rights they reserve and which they waive for the benefit of other recipients.
What is Creative Commons?
This type of error does not prevent the program from running but causes it to produce incorrect or unexpected results.
What is a Logic Error?
This type of data compression allows a file to be restored to its original state without losing a single bit of data.
What is Lossless Compression?
This type of search algorithm checks every element in a list one by one until the target is found.
What is a Linear (or Sequential) Search?
The internet is described as being "redundant" because there are multiple of these between any two points, ensuring reliability.
What are Paths/Routes?
This occurs when an algorithm produces prejudiced results due to erroneous assumptions in the machine learning process or biased training data.
What is Algorithmic Bias?
In programming, these are reusable blocks of code (often called procedures or functions) that allow for a "divide and conquer" approach to problem-solving.
What is Procedural Abstraction?
When a calculation produces a result that exceeds the maximum value a variable can hold, this type of error occurs.
What is an Overflow Error?
For a Binary Search to function correctly, the list must first be in this state.
What is Sorted?
This is the maximum amount of data that can be sent over a network connection in a given amount of time.
What is Bandwidth?
In this type of encryption, the same key is used to both encrypt and decrypt the message.
What is Symmetric Encryption?
This development model involves a cycle of planning, documenting, and testing, where the program is developed in small, manageable "increments."
What is Iterative Development?
In an image file, this term describes the data about the data.
What is Metadata?
This is a simplified high-level notation for programming that uses English-like phrases to outline an algorithm without strict syntax.
What is Pseudocode?
This term describes a system's ability to continue functioning even after a component fails.
What is Fault Tolerance?
This is the practice of obtaining input or resources from a large number of people via the internet to solve a problem.
What is Crowdsourcing?
This is a method of software testing where the internal structure or design of the item being tested is known to the tester (as opposed to "Black Box" testing).
What is White Box Testing?