Internet
What is the internet
A computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open (NONPROPRIETARY) communication protocols
In order for computing devices to communicate with each other over the internet, they all have to use the same protocol, which means they use a standard set of rules that everyone agrees on. They are OPEN or NONPROPRIETARY
What is the World Wide Web
A system of web pages, programs, and files. This is governed by the HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) protocol, which controls how web page data is transmitted (enables communication between web browsers)
What is parallel computing
The program is broken into smaller sequential computing operations using multiple PROCESSORS
What are routers
Paths are sequences of connected computing devices
What is an open network
Any computing device can join as long as they follow the rules (protocol)
What are the two major protocols
TCP/IP- governs how packets are created and reassembled while the IP moves packets to their destinations. It also dictates how devices are given addresses to communicate with each other
UDP- Offers a way to deliver a faster stream of information by eliminating error checking, which TCP/IP does
What is the difference between TCP/IP/UDP and HTTP over the World Wide Web
TCP, IP and UDP are used to transmit data over a variety of NETWORKS while HTTP is used to transmit data over THE WORLD WIDE WEB
Advantages of parallel computing
Helps save a lot of time + Scales more effectively
What is Bandwidth
The maximum amount of data a network connection can move in a certain amount of time
What is a computing device
A physical machine that can run a program. They connect with other computing devices to form a computing system.
What is IPv4
Ex. 74.125.20.113: split into 4 numbers all ranging 0-255, 2 to the 32 possible values
What is one major aspect of a fault-tolerant system and explain what it is
Redundancy is the inclusion of extra components that can be used to mitigate failure of a system of other components fail
What is sequential computing
Traditional method of executing instructions in a sequential order
What is speedup
The measure of how much faster one solution or algorithm performs compared to another solution or algorithm when solving the same problem.
What is a computing network
A group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose
What is IPv6
Ex: 2001:0db8:0000:0042:8a2e…. These are hexadecimal numbers. 2 to the 128 possible values
What is scalability
The capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands
What is distributed computing
Multiple DEVICES are used to run a program, which allows users to share information
What are some advantages of TCP/IP
Reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of data packets
It MAY be received out of order, but the computer double-checks and makes sure to add instructions to reassemble it on the other side
What is a computing system
a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose
What is a packet
Contain a section of the data you want to send and comes with a header that contains metadata (data about data) to tell the routers where the packet is from, where it’s going and how it should be reassembled.
What is fault tolerance
It can function properly even in the event of one part failing
If a program has three steps that take 40, 50, and 80 seconds, what is the sequential time and parallel computing time
Sequential: A sequential solution takes as long as the sum of all steps in the program. The sequential solution would take 170 seconds to complete.
Parallel Computing: depends on the number of cores (individual processing units). The more cores, the faster the solution. You have to find the fastest two
processors 40 + 50: 90 40 + 80: 120 50 + 80: 130
If there are known 2 processors like 40, 50, 60, and 80, what is the execution time
You would find the longest out of the first two and second two which is 50 and 80 then add them so it is 130