APES Energy Review

NONRENEWABLES

100

Which of the following is considered an energy source? -Palladium -Cobalt -Uranium

Uranium

200

Which of the following is not a derivative of fossil fuels? -Vaseline -Cellulose -Polystyrene

Cellulose- It is derived from plants :)

300

Which of the following is not an environmental concern of nuclear power plants? -Carbon Dioxide -Thermal Pollution -Radioactive Waste Disposal

Carbon Dioxide

400

What type of coal has the highest energy content? -Peat -Lignite -Bituminous -Anthracite

Anthracite

500

In contrast to low-level radioactive waste, most high level radioactive waste is stored where?

At the reactor site

NONRENEWABLES Cont.

100

Why are tar sands not used more widely for fuel? 

They are energy expensive to extract and process = lower EROI! 

200

Rank these energy sources by their air pollution released (greatest to least) when used in electricity production. Natural gas (Methane), Coal, Nuclear

Coal, Natural Gas (Methane), Nuclear

300

Which type of fossil fuel supplies the most commercial energy to the world today?

Oil

400

Oil is refined based on what quality of petroleum?

Boiling Point

500

This is the least environmentally detrimental fossil fuel.

Natural Gas

Reserves, Consumption, and Production

100

This is one way to curb our need for more energy resources. 

Increase energy efficiency.

200

Explain cogeneration

Using waste heat produced by power plants to heat nearby buildings

300

What are the top 3 nations that have the highest proven coal reserves?

The United States, Russia, China

400

In the United States, most energy is consumed by: -Aviation -Railroads -Highway Transportation

Highway transportation

500

Which energy source has the highest EROI?

Hydroelectric power

Renewable Energy

100

Give 1 benefit and 1 disadvantage of using biomass for energy. 

Options: 

+ = carbon nuetral (recent carbon), renewable, very accessible

- = expensive (costly to grow, process), quick growth and harvest = lower soil quality

200

Explain how electricity is created using geothermal energy. 

Water heated -> steam -> turn turbine -> power generator -> create electricity

300

What source of energy is widely attributed to deforestation.

Biomass

400

Explain CAFE standards and their intended benefits for energy use.

Create standards for efficienccy in vehicle manufacuring. Increase fuel efficeincy = less fuel use.

500

One critique of hydroelectric dams is the potential production of methane, what causes this?

Anaerobic decomposition in the deep water behind the dam.

Energy Basics/Calculations

100

Energy is neither created nor destroyed... What law is this?

1st Law of Thermodynamics

200

Water ways near nulcear power plants are at risk of this type of pollution (even more than other power plants).

Thermal pollution.

300

A light bulb has an efficiency rating of 7%. If 10J of energy is used, how much waste heat energy is produced? SHOW WORK! 

9.3 joules of heat energy

400

List all units of Energy. 

Watt-hour (Killo, Mega)

Joules

British Thermal Units (BTU)

Kilocalorie

500

When energy is transferred, some is lost in the form of heat... This explains __________. No energy conversion is 100% efficient. 

The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics