Soil
Name the letters representing the 6 soil horizons.
O, A, E, B, C, R
Name the chemical that destroys the Ozone layer.
CFC (Chlorofluorocarbon)
Would a Megawatt be best used to measure the output of a hairdryer, a household or a city?
A city. (million watts)
What is meant by a carbon reservoir or carbon sink?
An area (biosphere, geosphere, atmosphere) where a lot of carbon is stored.
What is the only element we've discussed without an atmospheric stage?
Phosphorous....rocks, weathering, organisms / water, sedimentation, rocks
If you want to fix your soil (ex, more nutrients, more water retention, more drainage) what is the one thing you can always add to help.
Compost
What is formed when sulfur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide mix with water in the atmosphere?
Acid precipitation (rain, snow, etc) - sulfuric acid or nitric acid
What does kWh measure?
The amount of kilowatts used per hour.
What greenhouse gas is released by decomposers during aerobic cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide
In what water type is phosphorous a limiting factor?
Fresh water...weathering erosion of rocks take a long period of time and what's released is quickly used.
Name the 5 soil forming factors.
(ClORPT)
Climate - Organic Material - Relief (Ramp) - Parent Material - Time
Explain the process of how CFC's destroy the ozone layer.
UV light breaks off a Chlorine from a CFC molecule and the Cl rips an Oxygen off of an O3 molecule.
What is vampire energy?
Tiny amounts of energy used by devices left in "sleep" mode - Example: your TV can respond to a remote control...it's not actually off
Name one greenhouse gas other than carbon dioxide.
Water vapor (H20), methane (CH4), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3)
In what water type is nitrogen a limiting factor?
Oceans...more so than fresh water because of the volume of decomposing, nitrogen-based organisms on land.
Name the three major soil types in order from largest to smallest.
Sand, Silt, Clay
Name one secondary pollutant.
Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, Ground level ozone, PANs
What is a power pool?
Regions of electrical utilities linked with transmission lines.
What is the name of the "reflective effect"...for example white snow reflects the Sun's rays back into space rather than absorbing them.
Albedo Effect
What is the name of water that is high in dissolved oxygen and low in nutrients, often crystal clear?
Oligotrophic
Name the three major types of rocks in the rock cycle and how they are formed.
Sedimentary (deposition and compaction of sediment)
Igneous (cooling of magma or lava)
Metamorphic (heat and pressure)
Name the 6 Criteria Air Pollutants and the organization that monitors them
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
COPSNOzL
Carbon Monoxide, Particulates, Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, Ozone (Ground level), Lead
What is a BTU?
British Thermal Unit - amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit...it's a way of measuring the output of things like water heaters, furnaces, stoves
Explain what happens during coral reef bleaching.
Brightly colored coral (who live symbiotically with photosynthetic zooxanthellae) kick out their zoox. and loose their color...then they die
Name the chemical formulas for ammonia (or ammonium), nitrites and nitrates.
NH4 / NH3 → NO2 → NO3