Unit 1: Ecosystems
Name 2 abiotic component of a forest ecosystem.
Water, sunlight, temperature, minerals, atmosphere, wind, weather, rocks, etc.
This is the process in which populations change over time through influence of natural selection and can occur in a micro or macro scale.
Evolution
Populations are limited by the amount of resources and space available. This constantly changing restriction on population size based on the environment is called this.
Carrying capacity
These are the types of rocks that are formed by exposing stones to heat and pressure, changing their properties.
Metamorphic Rocks
These organisms are at the top of the food chain and consume dead matter, detritus or waste products so that the nutrients can reenter the ecosystem
Decomposers, Scavengers, or Detritivores
This is the trophic level that would include the snake in this food chain.
Moss -> Slugs -> Spiders -> Snakes -> Hawk
Tertiary Consumer
Otters are vital parts of the kelp forest ecosystem, as they feed on the sea urchins that would otherwise completely consume the kelp. This makes the otters one of these species.
Keystone species
A rule of thumb to determine the environmental impact of a nation is to consider the interaction of these 3 factors.
Population, Affluence, Technology
These types of boundaries occur most often on the ocean floor, and are the cause of Seafloor Spreading.
Divergent Boundaries
This word describes how well adapted a species is to the environment in which it lives.
Fitness
This is the mineral with a cycle that includes the process of exchange, respiration, and combustion.
Carbon
This service refers to the goods that can be acquired from the ecosystem, like wood or ingredients for medicines
Provisions
A species that has a short life span, fast rate of maturation, lots of offspring, and little parental care is this type of strategy.
R-selected
This is an area of land in which all the water flows towards a single point.
Watershed
Nations like Germany, Japan, and Korea are in this stage of demographic transition, with low birth rates, low death rates, and no population growth.
Stage 4
This type of relationship includes an organism that benefits from the symbiosis, and another that gains no advantage or disadvantage.
Commensalism
This is the name of the phenomena in which a population's gene pool is limited by the genes of the individuals that started that population
Founder Effect
A developing country is most likely to have an age structure diagram in this shape.
Pyramid
This is the zone that exists over the equator as the result of the north and south Hadley cells forcing warm, moist air together. It causes lots of rain.
Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
El Nino events occur every this number of years, causing changes in global weather patterns.
3 to 7
These are non-native species that move to a new area and cause damage by outcompeting local species or having no natural predators.
Invasive species
An impassable mountain range has formed, separating a herd of cattle. Over time, each half of the herd adapts to better fit their habitat. If they eventually become 2 separate species, this would be an example of this.
Allopatric Speciation
This is the name for the level of fertility in which a population offsets the number of deaths to keep the population from declining. Globally, it is about 2.1%.
Replacement-Level Fertility
Give two factors that cause the movement of ocean gyres.
Gravity, Wind, Unequal Heating, Temperature, Location of Continents, Coriolis Effect, Rotation of Earth, etc.
Plenty of human activities, like deforestation and livestock grazing, can increase the rate of this process on topsoil, allowing wind or water to move it to other places.
Erosion