Earth
Crust , Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What are the four layers of earth?
O ,A , B , C and R
What are the major horizons of Soil?
Chemical and Physical
What are the two major types of weathering?
about 10% between each level
What percentage of energy is transferred between trophic levels?
Water leaving plants through their stoma
What is transpiration?
oceanic and continental
What are the two types of tectonic plates?
O and A nutrients , B - accumulated metals ,iron and aluminum , C and R - bedrock
What minerals are found in each soil layer?
occurs commonly outside of the tropics(frost wedging)
What is Physical weathering?
The primary energy source for terrestrial ecosystems
What is the sun?
The bulk of the planet's freshwater is found in this form
What is frozen?
divergent, convergent and transform
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Clay holds water, Sand allows for quick percolation, silt is ideal for farming
How do clay, silt, and sand impact soil characteristics?
CaCO3
What is calcium carbonate?
trophic level that has to be the largest
What is producers?
A species which serves to keep all other populations in balance in an ecosystem
What is a Keystone species?
basalt and granite
What is the composition of the tectonic plates?
Soil is primarily eroded by __________, second is _________.
What is wind and water?
. Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Argon (.93%), CO2 (.04% 400ppm)
this biogeochemical cycle does not utilize the atmosphere
What is phosphorus?
An underground layer of porous rock between impermeable rock filled with water
What is an Aquifer?
Crust: (oxygen, silicon)and Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core : iron and Nickle
What are the earth's layers composed of?
Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
What are the three types of rocks?
causes karst landscapes & sinkholes
What is chemical weathering of Calcium carbonate ( Limestone) ?
Nitrogen fixing bacteria - Nitrogen fixation & ammonification
What is how atmospheric nitrogen is converted to a usable form for plants?
Cohesion, Adhesion, Capillarity, Universal Solvent, High Specific heat
What are the properties of water?