Intro and Population
Ecology and Biodiversity
Soil, food and Pest management
water resources
Geology and Mining
100
A resrouce that exists in a fixed amount and are only replaced after hundreds of millions of years.
What is a nonrenewable resource. (fossil fuels, copper, and aluminum are examples)
100
What is the study of the relationship between living organisms and the environment called?
What is Ecology?
100
Genetic variability is 1. (higher / lower) in crop monocultures making them 2. (more / less) susceptible to disease and pest infestation. Must get both answers correct.
What is 1. lower 2. more
100
This type of pollutant is discharged at a specific location.
What is point source pollutant. (drain pipes, ditches, and sewer lines are exmaples)
100
What is an element or inorganic compund that occurs naturally and is solid with a regular internal crystalline structure?
What is a mineral? (salt, mica, quartz are examples)
200
What 2 countries have the largest populations?
What is China and India. (U.S. is the 3rd largest country)
200
1. Energy (cycles / flows in one direction). 2. Matter (cycles / flows in one direction). Must give the correct answers for both!!
What is 1. flows in one direction 2. cyles Supported by the 1st and 2nd Law of thermodynamics and the law of conservation of matter.
200
Using ponds and underwater cages to raise marine and freshwater fish and shellfish is known as what?
What is aquaculture?
200
List the top 3 uses of water starting with the greatest use.
What is Irrigation, industry, domestic (homes)
200
Match the rock type to each description: Igneous, Metamorphic or Sedimentary ____a. Form from magma cooling into rock at or below the surface of the earth ____b. Form from the lithification of sediments at the surface of the earth ____c. Formed when rocks are exposed to high temperatures and pressures below the earth’s surface ____d. Examples include marble and gneiss ____e. Examples include limestone and shale ____f. Examples include granite and obsidian
What is a. Igneous b. Sedimentatry c. Metamorphic d. Metamorphic e. Sedimentary f. Igneous
300
During cultural revolutions (like the agricultural and industrial revolutions)… 1. the food supply (increased / decreased / remained the same) 2. life expectancy (increased / decreased / remained the same) 3. living standards (increased / decreased / remained the same) 4. death rates (increased / decreased / remained the same) (you must give the correct answer for all 4 statments)
What is 1. Increased, 2. increased, 3. increased, 4. decreased.
300
What nutrient cycle has no atmospheric component?
What is the phosphorus cycle?
300
The accumulation of salts due to irrigation water containing dilute solutions of various salts setting on top of soil because the water evaporates leaving the salts is known as what?
What is salinization?
300
What are 3 environmental effects of excessive groundwater withdrawl? Must name all 3.
What is subsidence (sink holes), aquifer depletion, and saltwater intrusion?
300
Strip mining is an example of 1. (surface / subsurface) mining. Subsurface mining disturbs 2. (more / less) land than surface mining. Subsurface mining produces 3. (more / less) waste material than surface mining. Subsurface mining is 4. (more / less) dangerous than surface mining. Sub surface mining will get out 5. (more / less) of the resource than surface mining.
What is 1. surface 2. less 3. less 4. more 5. less
400
If a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of it is population is
What is 1.6% Growth Rate = (B + I) - (D + E) Population Natural Increase = B - D Population Crude Information = divide by 1,000 instead of population
400
This are partially enclosed areas of coastal water where freshwater rivers flow into seawater. They are highly productive areas, have a high net primary productivity, serve as nursery areas for many species of fish and are greatly inlfuenced by tides: temperature and salinity fluctuate hour by hour.
What is an Estuary?
400
What type of farming techniques were used by the first agricultural communites? Must name at least 2 techniques.
What is subsistence agriculture, slash and burn, abonded plots after several years and rotated agricultural sites.
400
Eutrophic lake are 1. (high / low) in nutrients and 2. (high / low) in dissolved oxygen. Eutrophic lakes are 3. (clear / cloudy). Oligotrophic lakes are 4. (high / low) in nutrients and 5. (high / low) in dissolved oxygen. Oligotrophic lakes are 6. (clear / cloudy).
What is 1. High 2. low 3. cloudy 4. low 5. high 6. clear
400
What allows a person or corporation can assume legal ownership or mining rights on essentially all U.S. public land except parks and wilderness by patenting it.
What is the U.S. Mining Law of 1812. (Environmentalist suggest: : 1-ban patenting (sale of public lands) but allow 20 year leases; 2-require mining companies to pay a gross royalty of 8-12% of wholesale value; 3-stricter requirements for cleanup of environmental damage.
500
The world's population in 2000 was approximately 6 billion. Assuming a constant growth rate of 2%, in what year would the world's population be 12 billion?
What is 2035? Doubling time = 70/ annual % growth rate
500
___1. Poor soil because the nutrients are rapidly absorbed ___2. Succulent plants ___3. Boreal forest ___4. Fire adapted community near coast ___5. Leaves change colors and fall off the trees ___6. Permafrost Use the following options for the above. (must have all 6 correct): A. tundra B. desert C. savanna D. temperate grassland E. temperate deciduous forest F. taiga G. tropical rain forest H. chaparral
What is G (Tropical rain Forest) 1. Poor soil because the nutrients are rapidly absorbed B (desert) 2. Succulent plants F (Taiga) 3. Boreal forest H (chaparral) 4. Fire adapted community near coast E (tem Deciduos Forest) 5. Leaves change colors and fall off the trees A (tundra)6. Permafrost
500
What is the difference between traditional subsistence agriculture and traditional intensive agriculture?
What is In subsistence only enough crops or livestock for a farm family’s survival, typical of shifting cultivation in tropical forests & nomadic livestock herding. In intensive they increase their yield to provide for family and to sell for income.
500
This Act set standards for allowed levels of key water pollutants and requires polluters to get permits specifying how much of its various pollutants they can discharge into aquatic systems. Strengths: improved community water systems, increase % of stream lengths that are swimmable and fishable have increased, and amount of topsoil lost through runoff has been reduced. Improvement: increased funding, authority to control nonpoint sources.
What is the Clean Water Act of 1977?
500
What 2 minerals is the United States dependend on other nations for? Both these minerals are essential to U.S. economy and Military but is in scarce supply in the U.S.
What is platinum and manganese?
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