4.1
A plate boundary often found in the ocean, where two tectonic plates move away from one another.
Divergent Plate Boundary
The transport of weathered rock fragments by wind and rain is called...
Erosion
This soil texture holds water the best.
Clay
What is the most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere.
Nitrogen
?
Free 100 points
All the land that drains into a specific body of water.
Watershed
Solar intensity is highest here.
At the equator.
What causes the water in the Arctic to sink deeper?
It is colder and saltier.
A plate boundary that leads to subduction.
Convergent plate boundary
What are the four soil horizons?
O-Horizon, A-Horizon, B-Horizon, C-Horizon
This soil type is the most permeable.
Sand
This is Earth's hottest layer.
Thermosphere
Wind traveling east to west in the Pacific Ocean are known as.
Trade winds.
Name 2 factors that effect how much a watershed drains.
More vegetation = more infiltration & groundwater recharge
Greater slope = faster velocity of runoff & more soil erosion
Soil permeability determines runoff vs. infiltration rates
What affects the Earth's seasons?
Orbit of earth around sun & tilt on axis changes angle.
Warm water from this region flows up to the Arcitic.
The Gulf of Mexico
The pattern of volcanoes & earthquake zones all around the pacific plate are called...
The Ring of Fire
How does consistently growing the same crop cause nutrient depletion?
Repeatedly growing crops on the same soil removes key nutrients (N, P, K, Na, Mg) over time
This soil texture is the best for growing, and considered the most balanced.
Loam
The layer of Earth's atmosphere where weather occurs.
Troposphere
True or False: The Earth spins slowest at the equator.
True
Name one of the two major nutrients, that frequently travel as runoff, cause algae blooms.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus
The proportion of light that is reflected by a surface
Albedo
Pattern of shifting atmospheric pressure & ocean currents in the pacific ocean between South America and Australia/Southeast Asia
El Niño
What are the 4 layers of the Earth called?
Inner Core, Outer Core, Mantle, Crust
Why is the O-Soil Horizon called the O-Soil Horizon?
The name O-Horizon, comes from the organic matter (plant roots, dead leaves, animal waste, etc) on top of soil.
Name 3 of the main nutrients for supporting plant growth.
N, P, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+
This is Earth's coldest layer, because there are fewer molecules to absorb the sun.
Mesosphere
This process circulates warm air and rain around the equator.
Hadley Cell
Loss of stabilizing root structure causes sediment to be swept away more easily.
These areas often have low albedo and absorb a lot of sunlight.
Cities (Urban Heat Island)
Name an impact of La Niña
Colder Temperatures
More Hurricanes
Droughts and Wildfires
This process drives the formation of new oceanic crust.
Mantle Convection Currents.
How does climate affect soil formation?
Warmer = faster breakdown of org. matter;
More precip. = more weathering, erosion + deposition
Using the Triangle:
You have a soil that is 30% sand, 20% silt, 50% clay.
What soil texture would this be?
The thickest Ozone Layer is found here.
Stratosphere
This process deflects wind traveling through atm. due to spin of earth.
Coriolis Effect
1971
This object has 100% albedo.
A mirror
Name an impact of El Niño.
Warmer Temperatures
Stronger Storms and Flooding
Droughts in Some Areas