Unit 1: The Living World: Ecosystems
Define the process of Nitrogen Fixation. Found on page (48).
The process that coverts nitrogen gas in the atmosphere that turns into nitrogen forms for plants and algae to use. (Found on page number, 48).
Define Genetic Diversity (Found on page 60).
Measure of the genetic variation among individuals in a population. Large populations: More Genetic Variation.
Found on page: 60
What is the key differences of K and R selected species? (Found on page 73).
K selected species: Larger in size, less offspring, and live in stable conditions.
R selected species: Smaller in size, more offspring, and mature early.
(Found on page 73).
List and talk about the three types of plate tectonics.
(Found on page 88).
Convergent: Result in the creation of mountains, island arcs, earthquakes and volcanoes.
Divergent: Result in seafloor spreading, rift valleys, volcanoes, and earthquakes.
Transform: Can result in earthquakes.
(Found on page 88).
Define Tragedy of the Commons.
(Found on page 103).
This is when individuals use the same resources but to their own interest. Resulting in a depletion of resources. Which will decline and no more will be available to all.
(Found on page 103).
Define Leeching. (Found on page number 50).
Process in which dissolved molecules are transported in the soil via groundwater. (Found on page 50).
What is aquaculture? (Found on page: 64)
The capture of wild animals from the ocean and the farming of fish, shellfish, and seaweed. (Found on page: 64).
What is a survivorship curve? (Found on page 75).
It is a line graph that represents the survival rates of species in three categories. (Type I, Type II, and Type III). (Found on a page 75).
List the layers of the earth's atmosphere.
(Found on page 91).
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
What is an effect of Clearcutting?
(Found on page 104).
Forests contain trees absorb pollutants and store carbon dioxide. The cutting and burning of trees releases carbon dioxide and contributes to climate change. (Found on page 104).
What is algal bloom? (Found on page 51).
It is phosphorus inputs that can cause a rapid increase in the algal population of a waterway, which can increase the biomass as well. (Found on page 51).
What is ecological tolerance, regarding to species? (Found on page 63).
Abiotic conditions where species can survive, grow, and reproduce. (Found on page 63).
What is the major ecological effect of population overshoot? (Found on page 76).
Dieback, which is when a lack of resources are available and can lead to famine, disease, and conflict. (Found on page 76).
Talk about Global Wind patterns.
(Found on page 92).
They primarily result from the most intense solar radiation arriving at the equator, resulting in density differences and the Coriolis effect.
(Found on page 92).
Impact of agricultural practices. (Found on page 106).
Cause environmental damage includes tilling, slash and burn farming, and the use of fertilizers.
(Found on page 106).
How do the terms "Hypoxic" and "Dead zones" relate to each other? (Found on page 51).
When algae die, their decomposition takes up the oxygen, that results in (Hypoxic). Then the lack of oxygen, will kill that ecosystem, resulting in an empty dead area (Dead Zone). (Found on page 51).
Describe Evolution. (Found on page 65).
Genetic composition of a population over time. Can occur in two levels: Macro and Micro.
Micro is on a smaller scale such as apples and potatoes.
Macro is larger classification of population such as people and cities.
(Found on page 65).
Total Fertility Rate, define it and talk about why women chooses to have children. (Found on page 79).
Describe the characteristics of Watersheds.
(Found on page 93).
The characteristics include area, length, slope, soil, and vegetation types.
(Found on page 93).
One effect of pesticides. (Found on page 109).
Organisms can become resistant to them through artificial selection. (Found on page 109).
An ecosystem contains 20,000 kcal of energy in producers. (10% transfers to each trophic level.)
Primary consumers?
Secondary consumers?
Tertiary consumers?
(Found on page 52).
Primary: 2000 kcal
Secondary: 200 kcal
Tertiary: 20 kcal
(Found on page 52).
Find the net primary productivity.
If given the GPP and Plant Respiration.
GPP: 5,500 kcal m^2 a year.
Plant Respiration: 18,00 kcal m^2 a year
Found on Page: 60.
3700 kcal m^2 a year
Found on page 60
Find the doubling time is the population's growth rate us 4%.
(Found on page 77).
17.5 years.
(Found on page 77).
Find the amount of water the family uses in a year, when they use 15 gallons per day.
(Found on page 93).
54,750 gallons per year.
(Found on page 93).
Find the ecological footprint of each person, when given
Population: 120,000 people
Total land needed: 360,000 hectares
(Found on page 115).
3 hectares per person
(Found on page 115).