Forces
What is the difference between a contact force and a noncontact force?
A contact force acts only where objects touch. A noncontact force acts only on objects that do not touch.
What is inertia?
The resistance of matter to any change in its state of motion.
What kind of charges are attracted to each other?
Opposite, positive & negative
Name 3 types of energy
Electric
Mechanical
Gravitational
Electromagnetic
Elastic
What 2 things affect an object's thermal energy?
Mass and temperature
Name two types of contact forces
Normal force
Air resistance
Friction
Buoyancy
A larger force causes a larger or smaller change in motion?
Larger (Newton's second law)
Name 2 types of machines that contain an electromagnet.
Electric motor
Electric generator
What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?
Kinetic energy is related to an object's motion.
Potential energy is related to an object's position, shape, or the arrangement of its particles.
Water freezes at what temperature in Fahrenheit and Celsius?
32 degrees F
0 degrees C
What are the four fundamental forces?
Gravitational
Electromagnetic
Strong nuclear
Weak nuclear
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Both describe the rate of motion, but velocity also describes the direction of motion.
How can you increase the electric charge between two charged objects?
Move the objects closer together.
If the objects are insulators with unbalanced charges.
What are the two types of waves that transfer energy?
Mechanical and electromagnetic
If you are holding a piece of ice, where does the thermal energy transfer from?
Thermal energy transfers from your hand to the ice.
What is Newton's third law of motion (the law of action and reaction)?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. All forces are part of an action-reaction force pair.
How do you calculate the speed of an object's motion?
Speed = distance/time
How can you increase gravitational force between 2 objects?
Increase the mass and decrease the distance
What two properties of an object affect its kinetic energy?
Mass and speed
Name 3 ways heat transfers thermal energy.
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
If you apply 40 N to move a box, but the friction of the box is 40 N, will the box move?
No, the net force is zero, so it won't move.
How do you calculate acceleration?
Change in velocity divided by change in time
When Galileo dropped 2 balls that were the same sizes but had different masses, what happened?
The two balls fell at exactly the same rate and hit the ground at the same time.
What type of energy transformation is photosynthesis?
Electromagnetic energy is transformed into chemical energy.
What would be a good thermal conductor?
Metal
Water