Agnosia
An impaired understanding of the meaning of certain stimuli even though there is no peripheral sensory impairment.
What is agnosia?
Speech often produced by those with fluent aphasia that is abundant yet lacking in meaning
What is empty speech?
A comprehensive aphasia evaluation that can diagnose the presence or absence of a particular form of aphasia. Can be used on any individual who has aphasia. Helpful in evaluating articulation, fluency, word finding repetition, grammar, paraphasias, reading, writing, and musical skills. Tries to classify aphasia into types.
What is the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE)?
An intensive treatment approach focused on increasing spoken language output while discouraging (constraining) the use of compensatory communication strategies (e.g., gesturing and writing). Best for nonfluent aphasia. Developed by Pulvermuller.
What is constraint induced language therapy (CILT)?
Uses the musical elements of speech (i.e., melody, rhythm, and stress) to improve expressive language. This approach capitalizes on intact functioning (singing) while engaging areas of the undamaged right hemisphere that are still capable of language. Individuals begin by singing simple phrases and then gradually intoning phrases of increasing syllable length. It is most often used to treat individuals with severe, nonfluent aphasia.
What is melodic intonation therapy (MIT)?
Associated with lesions in the parietal lobe. Characterized by impaired tactile recognition and naming of objects when visual feedback is blocked as well as impaired description of objects.
What is tactile agnosia?
Talking around the target word
Evaluates speech content, fluency, comprehension, repetition, naming, reading, writing, drawing, nonverbal thinking, etc. Does not assess pragmatics. Tries to classify aphasia into types.
What is the Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB-R)?
A nonverbal treatment approach that trains individuals to use hand gestures to indicate visually absent items. Treatment incorporates a 12-step training hierarchy beginning with tracing, matching objects, producing pantomimed gestures for visible objects, and, finally, producing pantomimed gestures for absent objects. This treatment is used most often with individuals who have global aphasia.
What is visual action therapy (VAT)?
A treatment technique for individuals with acquired disorders of reading (dyslexia or alexia). The technique involves re-reading text aloud— either a specific number of times or until a specific reading rate is reached—in an effort to improve whole-word oral reading in the context of a text passage. Best suited for individuals with preserved letter-by-letter reading abilities and relatively good oral reading and comprehension at the single-word level.
What is Multiple Oral Reading (MOR)?
Associated with bilateral damage to the auditory association area. Characterized by impaired understanding of the meaning of auditory stimuli and difficulty in matching objects with their sounds.
What is auditory agnosia?
An expression that is repeated over and over
What is a verbal stereotype?
Test battery for the assessment of auditory processing problems associated with brain damage, aphasia, and language and learning disabilities. Client is instructed to listen carefully and do exactly what the clinician says. Does not assess: reading tasks, writing tasks, and oral-expression tasks; only assesses auditory processing abilities.
What is the Revised Token Test?
A treatment designed to teach verbal and nonverbal communication strategies to individuals with aphasia and their primary communication partners (e.g. spouse). Strategies can include drawing, gesturing, cueing, confirming information, and summarizing information. Strategies are chosen by the individual and are practiced in scripted conversations. The SLP serves as the “coach” for both partners.
What is conversational coaching?
Treatment to promote lexical retrieval in sentence context. Tx targets verbs and their roles to activate semantic networks and to improve the production of basic syntactic structures (e.g., subject–verb–object). For example, the person with aphasia is given a verb (e.g., paint) and is asked to retrieve related agents and objects (e.g., artist–paints–picture and painter–paints–house
What is Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST)?
A rare disorder often associated with bilateral occipital lobe damage or posterior parietal lobe. Characterized by impaired visual recognition of objects.
What is visual agnosia?
The loss of previously acquired reading skills due to recent brain damage.
Alexia
Word finding skills are measured in terms of accuracy and speed of naming. Does not assess reading or writing
What is Test of Adolescent/ Adult Word Finding (TAWF)?
A prescribed treatment program designed to aid in the production of specific sentence types. Production of certain sentence types will improve if the person with aphasia hears and produces multiple sentences with the same syntactic form but different lexical content. There are eight different sentence structures. Ex. Level A—the clinician reads a story that includes the target sentence and then asks a question to elicit repetition of that sentence. Level B—the clinician reads the story without the target sentence and asks a question to elicit that sentence.
What is Sentence Production Program for Aphasia (SPPA)?
A group treatment approach that addresses communication skills using natural language in meaningful social contexts. An individual with aphasia is given an opportunity to use premorbid knowledge and vocabulary in reciprocal teaching interactions with a group of “novices.” The person with aphasia has an opportunity to convey knowledge to the novices, and the novices in turn learn a new skill and provide language models during realistic interactions.
What is reciprocal scaffolding treatment (RST)?
Pure word deafness. Associated with bilateral temporal lobe lesions. Characterized by impaired understanding of spoken words.
What is auditory verbal agnosia?
The loss or impairment of normally acquired writing skills due to lesions.
What is agraphia?
Helps assess overall severity of aphasia, specific skills (comprehension, word retrieval, repetition, alternative communication). Helps classify aphasia.
A treatment for individuals with aphasia that involves repeated practice reading sentences aloud with the clinician in an effort to improve reading comprehension via phonological and semantic reading routes. The use of connected discourse (sentences) rather than single words allows the individual to practice natural rhythm and intonation.
What is Oral Reading for Language in Aphasia (ORLA)?
An approach that provides additional information, such as the beginning sound of a word (phonological cuing) or contextual cues (semantic cuing), to prompt word recall
What are Word Retrieval Cuing Strategies?