Types of Ag
Every site practicing this form of agriculture borders a sea. Olives and grapes are two of the most important cash crops.
Mediterranean Agriculture
This happened in the Fertile Crescent 10,000 years ago.
First Agricultural Revolution
Dividing land into narrow pieces of land, with each piece of land having access to a river, road or canal.
Long-Lot Survey System
Who developed the model that describes farming as being a set of concentric rings around a city center?
Johann Heinrich von Thunen
Slash-and-burn agriculture (AKA swidden, milpa and patch agriculture) is a form of what type of agriculture
Shifting Cultivation
Farming just enough to feed your family. Most common in Sub-Saharan Africa, SE Asia and rural Australia.
Subsistence Farming
GMOs, fighting world hunger, and increased crop yields are associated with this revolution.
Third Agricultural (Green) Revolution
The method of dividing land East of the Mississippi River, characterized by boundaries marked by geographic features rather than lines of latitude and longitude.
Metes-and-Bounds Survey System
Which ring of the concentric circle agricultural model is characterized by market gardening and dairy production
Innermost ring (1st)
An area where people have limited access to fresh, nutritious foods
Food Desert
Cultivating large quantities of cotton, sugar cane, coffee and rubber are associated with this type of farming.
Plantation Farming
Invention of tractors, the seed drill, and selective livestock breeding
Second Agricultural Revolution
Type of village that grew at the intersection of two or more roads. Residents went "out into their fields" during the day, but back home at night. Popular in Europe.
Nucleated/Clustered Village
Which ring of the concentric circle agricultural model is characterized by ranching and livestock
Outermost ring (4th)
What is it called when one company owns all stages of production such as production of raw materials, processing, transportation, advertising, etc.
Vertical Integration
The raising of domesticated animals for the production of meat and by-products, such as leather and wool.
Livestock Ranching
This is the approach to farming and ranching that avoids the use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other similar synthetic inputs.
Organic Farming
Survey system characterized by square mile sections that could be divided into smaller squares. Used primarily West of the Mississippi River.
Township-and-Range Survey System
The spread of dry climates to less dry climates that impacts the agricultural productivity is called...
desertification
Non-subsistence crops such as tea, cacao, coffee and tobacco
Luxury Crops
The type of agriculture common in the upper midwest and northern east coast of the United States.
Dairy Farming
As European colonial powers required farmers in their colonies to cultivate a specific crop, the establishment of _________________ developed in most of the underdeveloped/colonial world.
Monoculture
Found extensively in North America, this type of village is characterized by people being more connected to their property/farms. They live on their farm instead of away from it.
Dispersed Village
What are the two primary considerations/reasons why each type of activity is in its place on the concentric circle agricultural model?
Cost of Transportation and Cost of Land
Alternative to Industrial trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned/democratically run cooperatives and requires employers to pay workers fair wages, permit union organizing, and comply with minimum environmental and safety hazards.
Fair Trade Movement