Islamic Civilizations
What period is known as the Golden Age of Islam?
Abbasid
Which Christian kingdom was located in northeast Africa?
Ethiopia
What was Pax Mongolica?
A period of peace and stability across the Mongol Empire that facilitated trade and cultural exchange
It was a cultural and political movement in Western Europe reviving Classical knowledge
The Renaissance
Elite Ottoman troops controlling artillery and firearms
Janissaries
What were the two main branches of Islam?
Sunni and Shi’a
Which empire came after Mali and had Sunni Ali as a ruler?
Songhai
What was the name of the Mongol dynasty in China?
Yuan
It was a document that limited the king’s power and protected noble rights
The Magna Carta
Name all three of the Muslim Empires between 1450–1750.
Ottoman, Safavid, or Mughal
Who were the slave warriors that defeated the Mongols in battle?
Mamluks
Which empire dominated the trans-Saharan trade routes before Mali?
Ghana
Where did Chinggis Khan build his capital?
Karakorum
What structural effect did the plague have on European society?
Serfdom was loosened for some peasants
What sect of Islam did the Safavids follow?
Shi’a
Why did many low-caste Indians convert to Islam? (2 reasons)
It provided more equality and allowed for upward mobility
What was the main reason West African kings converted to Islam?
It allowed for the unity of religious and political leadership
What group was at the bottom of Yuan Dynasty’s social order?
Southern Chinese
What describes Germany’s political structure during the High Middle Ages?
The emperor ruled in principle, but it was a network of decentralized states
What was the title of the Ottoman royal official who ran administration?
Grand Vizier
How did the leadership shift in the Abbasid Caliphate under the Seljuks ethnically?
It changed from ethnically Arab to ethnically Turkic
Who unified Mali and divided its clans into social categories?
Sundiata
What was one main reason for the Mongol Empire's rapid collapse?
Chinese, Russian, and Persian rebellions intensified
How did King Philip II Augustus improve French royal power?
He used middle class administrators to centralize power
What caused the Ottomans to fall behind in military technology?
The Janissaries blocked advances that might jeopardize their power