Boundaries
____ a border means drawing boundaries on a map, in accordance with a legal agreement.
What is delimiting a border?
This is the process by which a state attacks an ethnic group and tries to eliminate it through expulsion, imprisonment, or killing.
What is ethnic cleansing?
This type of diffusion occurs when the fundamental idea behind a cultural trait stimulates new innovations.
What is stimulus diffusion?
In this stage, there are high birth and death rates and a low total population.
What is the first stage of the DTM?
This theory states that humans will eventually exceed their carrying capacity and use all the resources and eventually die out.
What is the Malthusian theory?
_____ a border means placing physical objects such as stones, pillars, walls, or fences to indicate where a boundary exists.
What is demarcating a border?
A cultural entity made up of people who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, heritage, or ethnicity–often all four of these.
What is a nation?
This type of diffusion occurs when a cultural trait is adopted by new people in places that are next to or adjoining one another through contact.
What is contagious diffusion?
In this stage, the birth rates drop as women are educated and given jobs.
What is stage three of the DTM?
This type of cultural view is when one ethnic group evaluates another group based on the standards of their own culture.
What is ethnocentrism?
This type of boundary is a border drawn in an area that has been settled and where cultural landscapes exist or are in the process of being established.
What is a subsequent boundary?
This type of religion tries to appeal to all humans and is open to membership to anyone. You can convert to it.
Ex: Christianity
What is a universalizing religion?
This is a category of acculturation in which the interaction of two cultures results in one culture adopting almost all of the customs, traditions, language, and other cultural traits of the other.
What is assimilation?
In this stage, you can see the death rate starting to drop due to more sanitation and technology.
What is stage two of the DTM?
This type of density is calculated by the total population / land area
What is arithmetic density?
This type of boundary is a type of subsequent boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape, separating groups that have distinct languages, religions, ethnicities, or other traits.
What is a consequent boundary?
This type of religion is a religion that is tied with a particular ethnic group. Often living in a particular place. Most importantly, you cannot convert to it.
Ex: Judaism
What is an ethnic religion?
This is a situation in which different cultures live together without assimilating.
What is multiculturalism?
In this stage, the total population falls as the birth rates drop below the death rates.
What is stage five of the DTM?
This is the right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders.
What is sovereignty?
_____ a border means legally managing a border through laws, immigration regulation, documentation, and prosecution.
What is administering a border?
This refers to the attempts by a state to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation.
What is irredentism?
This is the process by which people within one culture adopt some of the traits of another while still retaining their own distinct culture.
What is acculturation?
In this stage, there are low birth and death rates, but overall a high population.
What is stage four of the DTM?
These "laws" of migration state that most migrants are young, adult males.
What are Ravenstein's laws of migration?