Joints I
What is fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial?
The three motion classifications of joints.
What are synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, and diarthrotic?
Functions of the muscular system.
What is movement, heat generation, venous return?
Bonus: smooth - maintains blood pressure, movement of visceral organs, cardiac - blood circulation
The three types of muscle.
What is skeletal, smooth, and cardiac?
The difference between origin and insertion.
Three specific examples of fibrous synarthrotic joints discussed in lecture.
The six classifications of synovial joints.
The difference between small and large motor units.
What is small only innervating a few fibers for fine movement, and large innervating thousands for gross motor movements?
The characteristics of all muscle tissue.
The different types of muscle interactions.
The movements of facing your hands palm up and palm down, respectively.
What is supination and pronation?
The accessory structures of the synovial joint (generally, don't need specifics).
The funtion of ACh, calcium, and ATP in the muscle contraction process.
What is ACh propogates the action potential, calcium reveals active site for cross-bridging for contraction, and ATP breaks crossbridge for relaxation?
The terms to describe loss and gain or muscle tone/mass.
What are hypotonia/hypotrophy and hypertonia/hypertrophy?
Conditions of the muscular system (only 1 in chapter 11 but free to name some from chapter 10).
What is a tremor, where agonists and antagonists recieve signals at the same time and conflict?
The synovial joint structural components.
What are the articular cartilage, articular capsule, synovial membrane, fibrous membrame, joint cavity, and synovial fluid?
The joint which contains the anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, and meniscus.
What is the knee joint?
The different types of muscle contraction and brief descriptions.
isotonic - under constant tension, load is moved
concentric - angle of joint decreases
eccentric - angle of joint increases
isometric - load not moved, angle not changed
The different methods of ATP production.
What is creatine phosphate breakdown, glycolysis, and aerobic respiration?
Examples of muscles named after shapes.
What are deltoids (delta/triangular), orbicularis oculi/oris (circular), rhomboids (rhombus), and trapezius (trapezoid)?
The difference between synchondrosis and symphysis.
What is synchondrosis using hyaline cartilage bridges and symphysis using fibrocartilage?
The disease that arises from normal "wear and tear" of the joint components over time. Caused by the erosion of articular cartilage and leads to inflammation, swelling, pain, and stiffness.
What is osteoarthritis?
The three types of muscle fibers and a brief description.
What is:
Slow oxidative - most myoglobin/mito, sustain activity for long periods, low tension and not very powerful
Fast oxidative - lots of mito but less myo, powerful and controlled movements
Fast glycolytic - high amount of glycogen, burn through glycogen quickly for rapid and forceful contractions
The order of muscle components and connective tissues from outermost to innermost (think about the image of the skeletal muscle breakdown from your slides).
What is epimysium, skeletal muscle, perimysium, muscle fascicle, endomysium, muscle fiber, myofibril?
The naming conventions of muscles.
What are location, location of attachment, action, shape, size, and number of origins?