Comparisons
Figurative Language
Diction
Mystery
Used in Nonfiction
100
a comparison of two unlike things, without the use of like or as EX: "You may well ask: “Why direct action? Why sit ins, marches and so forth? Isn’t negotiation a better path?”" (King)
What is metaphor
100
the act of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas or inanimate objects EX: "...with the history the final judge of our deed." (Kennedy)
What is personification
100
slang in writing, used to create local color and to provide an informal tone EX: soda, pop, or soft drink
What is colloquialism
100
the style of narration: first person, second person, third person limited or third person omniscient EX: The POV in "Blood in the Water" is third person limited.
What is point of view
100
an appeal based on logic or reason EX: “old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share,” “new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free,” “people in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery" (Kennedy)
What is logos
200
a comparison introduced and then further developed throughout a literary work EX: Katniss the girl on fire
What is extended metaphor
200
deliberate exaggeration or overstatement EX: "...palace of the imaginary." (Schoen)
What is hyperbole
200
the multiple meanings, intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence or passage; the sense of uncertainty that the work presents EX: "We the people." (Obama)
What is ambiguity
200
a question that does not need or expect an answer EX: "Will you join in that historic effect? (Kennedy)
What is rhetorical question
200
an appeal based on emotion EX: "For our journey is not complete until our wives, mothers, and daughters can earn a living equal to their efforts.” (Obama)
What is pathos
300
drawing a comparison to another situation that applies to the original circumstance in order to show a similarity in some respect EX: "those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside" (Kennedy)
What is analogy
300
a figure of speech in which the author groups apparently contradictory terms EX: "But this peaceful revolution" (Kennedy)
What is an oxymoron
300
the feelings or emotions associated with a word, beyond its literal meaning EX: “I stand here today, humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors.” (Obama) The word humbled may present a negative feeling for many.
What is connotation
300
attitudes and presuppositions of the author that are revealed by their linguistic choices EX: In Lincoln's 2nd address, this presents a sense of sadness and hope for the future
What is tone
300
an appeal based on the character, reputation or credibility of the speaker EX: “Fellow-Countrymen: At this second appearing to take the oath of the Presidential office”, “the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether.” (Lincoln)
What is ethos
400
placing two elements side by side to present a comparison or contrast EX: "...whether it wishes us well or ill..." (Kennedy)
What is juxtaposition
400
a direct or indirect reference to something that is assumed to be commonly known EX: "Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isiah." (Kennedy)
What is an allusion
400
the sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning or proposition EX: In "Blood in the Water," Zimmermann's thesis was that killer whales should not be placed into captivity.
What is thesis
400
a type of irony in which facts or events are unknown to a character but known to the reader, audience or other characters in the work EX: In The Hunger Games, the reader knows that Peeta's love for Katniss (at first) is fake. However, the districts are not aware of this.
What is dramatic irony
400
the style of telling the story EX: Doctor King's writings include a lot of metaphors as well as rhetorical questions.
What is narrative technique
500
a type of metaphor in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it EX: "In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success of failure of our course." (Kennedy)
What is metonymy
500
a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words EX: Ouch!
What is onomatopoeia
500
an overused saying or idea EX: "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." (Kennedy)
What is cliche
500
repetition of a word, phrase or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row EX: "I have a dream.... I have a dream... I have a dream..." (King)
What is anaphora
500
fiction or nonfiction that is excessively instructive EX: In MLK's "I Have a Dream" speech he is trying to teach the people about equality and how the world can improve.
What is didactic
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