Dark Ages and Roman Empire
Which Frankish King was hailed as the "New Constantine"?
Clovis
St. Thomas Aquinas found St. Anselm's argument for the existence of God fully convicing. (T/F)
False
(T/F) The Church's teaching that the bread and wine are transformed into the body and blood of Christ by means of transubstantiation means that the substance of the bread and wine becomes the substance of Jesus Christ.
True
What is the sacramental seal?
The sacramental seal is the promise of the priest to never reveal what has been said to him in confession.
(T/F) St. Bernard taught that the suffering and death of Christ truly effects our salvation.
St. Gregory the Great sent ____________ to evangelize the Britain.
St. Augustine of Canterbury
What is St. Anslem's Foundational Premise for the proof of the existence of God?
That than which nothing greater can conceived
The doctrine of Transubstantiation was declared at what council? and who presided over the council?
4th Lateran Council, Pope Innocent III
In order for confession to be valid, the penitent is required to:
In the Sacrament of confession, the penitent must make an act of contrition, confess his sins, and resolve to do penance for his sins.
St. Bernard wrote his letter about the importance of the suffering of Christ to refute the heresies of _____________
Peter Abelard
St. Gregory the Great assigned the mission of evangelizing Britain to what community?
Benedictines
What are the natural sources of our knowledge of God?
Our natural reason and created things (whole realm of nature and the human soul).
Our natural knowledge of God is indirect or mediated - we do not see God immediately, but only THROUGH the medium of His works.
Our knowledge is analogical - meaning our concepts of God are taken from created things and applied to God after we have purified them from all created imperfections and raised them into the sphere of the unlimited and infinite.
What does the 4th Lateran Council teach about the Eucharist?
There is one Universal Church of the faithful, outside of which there is absolutely no salvation. In which there is the same priest and sacrifice, Jesus Christ, whose body and blood are truly contained in the sacrament of the altar under the forms of bread and wine; the bread being changed (transsubstantiatio) by divine power into the body, and the wine into the blood, so that to realize the mystery of unity we may receive of Him what He has received of us. And this sacrament no one can effect except the priest who has been duly ordained in accordance with the keys of the Church, which Jesus Christ Himself gave to the Apostles and their successors.
Name 4 different activities that could be performed as a practice of peneance.
Fasting, prayer and almsgiving, efforts at reconciliation with one’s neighbor, tears of repentance, concern for the salvation of one’s neighbor, the intercession of the saints, the practice of charity, concern for the poor, admission of faults, fraternal correction, examination of conscience, spiritual direction, endurance of sufferings, participation in the Eucharist, reading of Sacred Scripture, liturgical prayer, retreats, pilgrimages, and missionary work.
Why was the Incarnation of the Son of God necessary for our salvation?
The devil had power and dominion over man, and that he rightly possessed it, because man, by an act of the free will which he had, voluntarily consented to the devil. For they say that anyone who conquers another, the conquered rightly becomes the slave of his conqueror.
Therefore, as the doctors teach, the Son of God became incarnate under this necessity - that since man could not otherwise be freed, he might, by death of an innocent man, be set free from the yoke of the devil.
_______________ was the patriarchal see because of its Apostolic origins.
Rome
What does St. Thomas Aquinas say about St. Anslem's proof for the existence of God?
It is not a self-evident truth.
He stops at the first act of the mind (make a definition) and never arrives at the second act of the mind, a judgement
Why was Pope Gregory VII was concerned with the lay investiture controversy?
He thought that the church should be able to govern itself free from the pressures of secular authorities.
He wanted to put an end to the abuse of simony
He thought it inappropriate that the symbols of spiritual authority (Bishops) were conferred by secular rulers.
What are the consequences of sin?
It deprives us of communion with God and makes us incapable of eternal life and this entails a need for purification from an unhealthy attachment to creatures.
Why does St. Bernard argue that Christ's suffering and death is more than just and example of Christ's love, but that it truly affected our salvation?
To say that Christ serves merely as an example is to fall into the error of the Pelagian heresy: “If the life which Christ gives is nothing else but His instruction, the death which Adam gave is in like manner only his instruction; so that the one by his example leads men to sin, the other by His example and His Word leads them to a holy life and to love Him. But if we rest in the Christian faith, and not in the heresy of Pelagius, and confess that by generation and not by example was the sin of Adam imparted to us, and by sin death, let us also confess that it is necessary for righteousness to be restored to us by Christ, not by instruction, but by regeneration, and by righteousness life
Name the 5 patriarchal sees (which ones are in the west/east)?
East: Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem
West: Rome
How does St. Anslem make the transition from the concept of God existing in the mind to God actual existence?
Actual existence is greater than existence in the mind, therefore, for God really to be “that than which nothing greater can be conceived,” implies His actual existence as well:
What does it mean to call the Eucharist a memorial?
In the sense of sacred Scripture the Memorial is not merely the recollection of past events of the proclamation of the mighty works wrought by God for men… in the New Testament, the Memorial takes on new meaning. When the Church celebrates the Eucharist, she commemorates Christ’s Passover, and it is made present
What are the effects of the sacrament of confession?
Reconciliation with God; a true spiritual resurrection, restoration of the dignity and blessings of the light of the children of God, of which the most precious is the friendship of God. It reconciles us with the Church and it anticipates the judgement to which the penitent will be subjected to at the end of his earthly life.
In the East and Western church, there was a problem with the use of the phrase "filioque" in the creed. How did St. Maximus the Confessor express the misunderstanding of this phrase?
The Greeks (Eastern) have accused the Romans (Western) of making God the Son the source of the Holy Spirit. However, the Roman understanding of the filioque clause is not that God the Son is the source of the Holy Spirit, but rather that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father through the Son. The difference can be accounted for in terms of the difference between Greek and Latin.