Phylum Porifera
the substances that provide support to the sponge and cause it to be hard and prickly versus soft
What are spicules and spongin?
common mode of asexual reproduction among phylum Cnidaria
What is budding?
the reproductive organ where earthworms store their sperm BEFORE it mates
What are seminal vesicles?
animals that lack a backbone
invertebrates
Segments of bone or some other hard substance that are arranged into a backbone.
vertebrae
flagellated cells that push water and food (algae, bacteria, and organic matter) through a sponge
What are collar cells?
the sessile, tubular form of a cnidarian with a mouth and tentacles at one end and a basal disk at the other
What is a polyp?
symmetry of an invertebrate
spherical
An eye made of many lenses, each with a very limited scope.
compound eye
the jellylike substance that separates the epidermis from the inner cells of the sponge
What is mesenchyme?
a free-swimming cnidarian with a bell-shaped body and tentacles
What is a medusa?
possessing both the male and female reproductive organs
What is hermaphroditic?
A state of extremely low metabolism and respiration, accompanied by lower than normal body temperatures. A creature is put in a deep state of low activity.
hibernation
These are divided into these three segments-
Thorax, Abdomen, and Cephalothorax
Arthropods
cells that move using pseudopods and perform different functions in different animals
What are amoebacytes?
small capsules that contain a toxin which is injected into prey or predators of a Cnidarian
What are nematocysts?
Characteristics of this class:
4 pairs of walking legs
No Antennae
4 pairs of Simple Eyes
Arachnida
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
arteries
a cluster of cells encased in a hard, spicule-reinforced shell
What is gemmule?
animal tissue consisting of one or more layers of cells that have only one free surface, because the other surface adheres to a membrane or other substance
What is epithelium?
this stops when an earthworm's cuticle dries up
What is respiration?
A body covering, typically made of chitin, that provides support and protection
exoskeleton
A skeleton on the inside of a creatures body, typically composed of bone or cartilage
Endoskeleton