Definitions
The science dealing with the description, identification, naming, and classifying of organisms.
Taxonomy
A virus enters a cell, hijacks the host cell's DNA replication system, makes copies of itself, and causes the cell to burst, releasing more viruses
Lytic cycle
What is the correct order for the taxons of life? (most general to most specific)
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What are the different shapes of bacillus, coccus and spirillum bacteria?
Bacillus = Rod shaped
Coccus = Spherical/Round shaped
Spirillum = Spiral shaped
Naming an organism with its genus and species name
Binomial nomenclature
A virus enters a cell, embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell, and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA
Lysogenic cycle
The scientific name for the polar bear is Ursus maritimus. Which other bear will have the most similarities?
Ailuropoda melanoleuca (Panda Bear) or Ursus arctos (Grizzly Bear)
Ursus arctos (Grizzly Bear) because they are in the same genus
The bacteria Strepococcus have what shape and what colony type?
The bacteria are spherical in shape and colonies form chains (strepo = chain, coccus = spherical)
An organism that feeds on dead matter
Saprophyte
How are the Lytic and Lysogenic cycles the same?
Both begin with a virus injecting its DNA or RNA into a living cell
In the 5 kingdom system, Kingdom Monera contains organisms composed of what type of cell?
Prokaryotic Cells
During Gram staining, what type of bacterium do not absorb the violet dye because of their extra cell wall and end up stained a pink-red color?
Gram-negative bacteria
What does a vaccine do to make a person immune to a virus?
A vaccine injects a weakened version of a virus to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies to that virus
A thick internal wall, made of several hard layers, produced by the bacterium, that encloses its DNA and other essential parts
Endospore
How are the Lytic and Lysogenic cycles different?
Key differences - During the Lytic cycle, new viruses are produced and released when the cell bursts, destroying host cell. During the Lysogenic cycle, no new viruses are produced, and the host cell is not destroyed.
Single-celled organisms that live in extreme environments are called _____________. What domain are they in?
Extremophiles
Domain Archae
A bacterium has a new trait because of genetic recombination. If it did NOT participate in conjugation, what made this possible?
The bacterium could have acquired the new trait through transformation or transduction.
In general, what are the main parts of a virus?
Nucleic Acid/Genetic material (either DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protective protein coat called a capsid
Name 2 of the 5 conditions for bacterial growth. Dehydration is a solution for which one?
The conditions for Bacterial Growth are Moisture, Moderate temperature, Nutrition, Darkness, and a Proper amount of oxygen. Dehydration removes moisture, limiting bacterial growth.