Module 13
These boneless creatures make up the vast majority of animals.
What are invertebrates?
These are the 5 common characteristics of arthropods.
1. Exoskeleton
2. body segmentation
3. jointed appendages
4. open circulation
5. ventral nervous system
What are the 4 general characteristics of vertebrates?
1. endoskeleton
2. closed circulatory system
3. nervous system with a lobed brain
4. individual male and female sexes
What will happen to an earthworm if the cuticle gets dry?
It will suffocate
State the 5 characteristics that separate reptiles from other vertebrates.
1. covered with tough, dry, scales
2. ectothermic
3. breathe with lungs throughout lives
4. 3-chambered heart
5. produce amniotic eggs covered with a leathery shell.
These animals get their prey by pumping water into themselves. The water brings algae, bacteria, and organic matter that they eat.
What are sponges?
What happens when a crayfish loses a limb?
The injury gets sealed off to prevent bleeding, and then a new limb regenerates.
A female mates with a male and then lays eggs that develop and hatch. Name the type of fertilization and kind of development.
internal fertilization; oviparous development
A free-living flatworm must have these systems.
What are complex nervous and digestive systems?
State the 6 characteristics of birds that separate them from other vertebrates.
1. endothermic
2. heart with 4 chambers
3. toothless bill
4. oviparous
5. covered with feathers
6. skeleton composed of porous, lightweight bones
In this form, a jellyfish reproduces sexually.
What is the Medusa form?
This is why arthropods molt.
Their exoskeletons get too small for their growing bodies
A salmon, a carp, and a shark swim into a bar: which has the most flexible skeleton?
The shark, which is a cartilaginous fish, has a more flexible skeleton.
These creatures do not need respiratory systems because of a complex network of tracheas that allow air to travel throughout the body.
What are insects?
State the 5 characteristics that separate mammals from other vertebrates.
1. hair covering skin
2. reproduce with internal fertilization and usually viviparous
3. nourish their young with milk secreted from specialized glands
4. 4-chambered heart
5. endothermic
Cnidarians do not need these two systems because their body walls are so thin that gases diffuse right through them.
What are the respiratory and excretory systems?
What 5 characteristics set arachnids apart from other arthropods?
1. 4 pairs of walking legs
2. 2 segments in body
3. No antennae
4. book lungs
5. 4 pairs of simple eyes
What is the difference between a vein and an artery?
Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood back toward the heart.
What are the 4 functions of tube feet in echinoderms?
1. locomotion
2. respiration
3. circulation
4. feeding
What 4 roles do amebocytes play in the life of a sponge?
1. Help digest and transport nutrients
2. Help carry waste to be excreted
3. Bring gases, such as oxygen, to the cells
4. Form the spicules or spongin
What 4 characteristics set insects apart from other arthropods?
1. 3 pairs of walking legs
2. wings
3. 3 segments in the body
4. 1 pair of antennae
A fish uses this to sense vibrations in the water.
What is the lateral line?