a tentative explanation for an observation
hypothesis
the state of matter with a definite volume but not a definite shape
liquid
the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Mass (Mass number)
a chemical bond formed between oppositely charged ions
ionic bond
An amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.02 x 1023 particles of the substance
mole
any factor that changes in an experiment
variable
the substance in a solution that gets dissolved
solute
the number of protons in an atom
Atomic Number
a chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons
covalent bond
a chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings
exothermic
observations made using 5 senses
qualitative observation
The substance in a solution that does the dissolving
solvent
a law stating that samples of a pure compound always have the same elements in the same mass proportions
Law of Constant Composition
the force of attraction between molecules of DIFFERENT substances so that they tend to stick together
adhesion
a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings
endothermic
a well supported, in-depth explanation of a broad range of phenomena
scientific theory
the movement in gasses and liquids that spreads out particles
diffusion
atoms of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
isotopes
the force of attraction between molecules of the SAME substance so that they tend to stay together.
cohension
a covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and acts as a unit
polyatomic ions
conclusions based on observations, previous knowledge, and available information
inference
the ratio of a substance’s mass to its volume
density
a region of space around the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found
orbital
a molecule that has slight positive and negative charges due to an imbalance in the way electrons are shared
polar molecule
compound made of only two elements
binary compound