Language, Languaging, and Translanguaging
Translanguaging is...
the practice of using multiple languages to communicate, and the idea that people's linguistic resources are not separate but are instead used together to make sense of the world
What is the preferred way to refer to individuals with disabilities and what is prejudice towards those people called?
-People with disabilities, emphasizing their humanity and avoiding objectification.
-Ableism
A law that gives eligible children with disabilities the ability to obtain a free public education and has the purpose of ensuring special and relevant service to those children?
What is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act?
Coined by legal scholars, this theory posits that racism is embedded in the laws and policies of societies rather than just the result of individual prejudices.
What is Critical Race Theory?
What is Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy?
This type of pedagogy goes beyond recognizing diversity to actively sustaining and celebrating the cultural practices and identities of students
The act of alternating between 2+ languages or language varieties in a single communication context.
What is code-switching?
What is the social model of disability?
views disability as a result of barriers created by society, such as inaccessible environments or negative attitudes, rather than solely by a person's physical or mental impairment
What are the benefits of the Response to Intervention (RTI) model?
A. Helps identify learning disabilities and their behavior problems
B. Improves instructional quality
C. Reduces education referrals
D. Supports all students, including diverse learners
This concept suggests that racial categories are not based on inherent biological differences but rather invented through cultural, social, and historical influences.
What is the Social Construction of Race?
What is culturally responsive curriculum?
Culturally sustaining pedagogy involves using this type of curriculum, which includes materials that reflect the cultural and linguistic backgrounds of students
What is the difference between code-switching and translanguaging>
Translanguaging is more of a fluid transition, while code switching is a deliberate and intentional (structured) change between one language to another.
What is Disability Studies in Education (DSE)?
DSE examines disability as a social, cultural, and political construct, advocating for systemic changes, rejecting deficit models, and promoting inclusion and social justice in education.
What was the IDEA act originally called and when was it installed?
-EAHCA - Education for All Handicapped Children Act
-Installed in 1975
This term refers to the belief that ignoring or "not seeing" race will lead to racial equality, but it often overlooks systemic racism and inequalities.
What is Colorblind Racism?
An approach to curriculum design that addresses the diverse needs of learners by providing multiple means of presentation, expression, and engagement.
What is the Universal Design for Learning?
What are cultural and linguistic resources?
Educators using culturally sustaining pedagogies often use translanguaging to recognize and celebrate these strengths that students bring from their diverse backgrounds, enhancing inclusivity and learning.
What's the difference between SPED and DSE?
SPED focuses on providing specific educational accommodations for students with disabilities, while DSE focuses on broader systemic changes to address the social constructs surrounding disability in education.
What are the main differences between FAPE and LRE?
FAPE ensures that the child’s education is accessible and appropriate, while LRE ensures that education happens in a setting that promotes inclusion and equity. This combination maximizes both the academic and social growth of children with disabilities.
FAPE: Free Appropriate Public Education LRE: Least Restrictive Environment
What is the difference between intersectionality and anti-essentialism?
Intersectionality discusses that all forms of oppression are linked in some way, but anti-essentialism says that you cannot reduce a person down to one identity; doing this does not account for the different types of discrimination (disability, gender, sexuality).
A philosophy of educator and social movement that developed and applied concepts from critical theory and related traditions to the field of educator and the study of culture.
What is Critical Pedagogy
What is language identity?
This concept represents the dynamic sense of self or belonging that individuals derive from their languages, shaped by factors like family background, cultural heritage, and education. It can foster pride and community connection or, in some contexts, serve as a source of conflict and discrimination.
What is the traditional medical model of disability and how can it be addressed?
views disability as solely caused by a person's physical or mental impairment, meaning the problem lies within the individual's body and needs to be "fixed" or treated medically to achieve normalcy, rather than considering societal barriers that might contribute to limitations
Instead of fixing, emphasis can be put on accommodation and accessibility efforts
What are Response to Intervention(RTI) 2 main goals and which of equity or equality do they closely relate to?
-to identify risk early so that students participate in prevention prior to the onset of severe deficits
- to identify student with learning deficits who prove unresponsive to standardized forms of instruction and require individualized instruction
-Equity
What is the difference between ethnicity and race?
Race is the literal color of one's skin while ethnicity is the geographical place and culture that they come from.
What is Implicit Bias?
This concept refers to unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect understanding, actions, and decisions, often reinforcing systemic inequalities, but can be addressed through strategies like counter-stereotypic exposure, conscious reflection, and education.