Introduction to Entropy
This is the dispersal of matter or energy in a sample of matter
What is entropy
This is the units for entropy
J/mol*K
This is the amount of energy available in a system that can be used to do work
What is Gibbs free energy
High activation energy is a common reason for a process to be under
What is kinetic control
What does the phrase "thermodynamically favored" mean with respect to equilibrium
the products are favored at equilibrium
A measure of how dispersed the matter or energy is in a particular system
What is change in entropy
△Sproducts - △Sreactants
This is true about the value of ΔG when it is thermodynamically favorable
What is ΔG<0
At high temperature, the reaction is under this and the major product is the more stable system
What is thermodynamic control
What is the relationship between free energy and equilibrium with respect to K
K=e(-ΔG/RT)
When matter becomes more dispersed this happens to entropy
What is a positive change in entropy
Entropy becomes positive when this is true
number of moles increases or endothermic phase changes
This is true about the value of ΔG when it is not thermodynamically favorable
What is ΔG>0
The product of a reaction that is formed favorably at a lower temperature because thermal energy is not available to form the transition state
What is kinetic product
What is the relationship between free energy and equilibrium with respect to ΔG°
ΔG°=-RTln(K)
Entropy of gas increases when this happens to volume
What is an increase in volume
Entropy becomes negative when this is true
exothermic phase changes
A reaction is at equilibrium when this is true
What is ΔG=0
The product of a reaction that is formed favorably at a higher temperature because thermal energy is available to form the transition state
What is thermodynamic product
When ΔG° is negative this reaction is favored
What is the forward reaction
This is the equation for ΔG
ΔG=ΔH-TΔS
what must you consider when calculating entropy change
# of moles from balanced chemical equation
This is the best indicator for if a reaction is favorable
What is ∆Suniverse
At low temperature, the reaction is under kinetic control and the major product is that from this reaction
What is the fastest reaction
When ΔG° is positive this reaction is favored
What is the reverse reaction