Motivation and Terminology
Health Belief Model
Transtheoretical Model of Change
Social Ecological Model
Super Secret Section
100
Compliance is defined as _________.

the extent to which the patient's behavior coincides with the clinical advice.

100

True or False. The Health Belief model was developed in the 1950s by a group of psychologists that wanted to know why so few people were participating in a free chest x-ray program to screen for tuberculosis.

True

100

True or False. The transtheoretical model is also referred to as the stages of change model.

True!
100

True or false: the social-ecological model works under the assumption that a change in behavior and health status at one level will produce change at other levels of the community system.

True! healthy individuals = healthy community is the basic logic of this system.

100

What is the proper nursing intervention for a patient in the preparation stage of the transtheoretical model of change?

Helping the patient develop realistic goals and timelines.
200

What is an alternative term for compliance that is more patient-centered and prevents blaming behavior towards patients?

Adherence

200

What are the 6 key components of the health belief model?

perceived susceptibility

perceived severity

perceived benefits

perceived barriers

cues to action

self-efficacy

200
What are the 6 stages of change in the trans theoretical model?

Precontemplation

Contemplation

Preparation

Action

Maintenance

Termination

200

What are the 5 levels of influence on health behaviors that make up the ecological model of health promotion?

Intrapersonal/Individual Factors

Interpersonal/Relationship Factors

Organizational and Institutional Factors

Community Factors

Societal/Public Policy Factors

200
True or False: Termination is the final stage of the trans theoretical model of change, and every patient reaches this stage.

False. Not every patient reaches the termination stage. Relapses happen all the time and many patients need ongoing support and remain in the maintenance stage for their whole lives.

300

Give an example of a statement someone with an internal vs. an external locus of control might make regarding their genetic predisposition to diabetes.

Internal: Even though diabetes runs in my family, I will follow a low-glucose diet and exercise to manage my insulin levels and stay healthy.

External: Both of my parents have diabetes, it will catch up to me anyway. I might as well eat whatever I want and not exercise.

300

Give an example of what a perceived barrier might be for a patient considering getting a routine colonoscopy.

fear of the pain, lack of insurance, not being able to get time off work...

300

What stage of the transtheoretical model is a patient in if they state: "I don't really smoke that many cigarettes, so I don't have to worry about lung cancer or anything like that."

Precontemplation

300

List some of the factors that are classified under "Intrapersonal/individual factors", the first level of the ecological model of health promotion.

Age, family history, education, behavior, attitude, beliefs, religion, mental health status...

300

A new piece of legislation that makes 4 hours of gym class mandatory for all public school students would be an example of what level of influence on health behaviors? (according to the ecological model of health promotion)

Societal/Public factors, aka the 5th and largest level of influence in this model.

400

True or False: Motivational interviewing is a patient-centered, directive counseling method that aims to strengthen the individual's motivation to make a change for the better.

True.

400

What is one way that a nurse can help promote self-efficacy in a patient who is managing their diabetes? 

Using progressive goal setting to make attainable but consistent progress, providing verbal reinforcement, providing training and support with insulin injections...
400

What stage of the trans theoretical model is a patient in if they state "I know I should stop eating gluten because I have celiac disease, but I am just really busy right now and don't have time to figure out how to change my diet."

Contemplation

400

Give an example of a nursing intervention that operates under the intrapersonal level of the ecological health model.

Something about changing the individual rather than changing the environment. ie: convincing one teenager that smoking is uncool so that they can resist peer pressure.

400

Case studies sneak peak: Jimmy wants to get a routine colonoscopy, but he lives on a farm and the nearest health clinic is a one hour drive away from him. Which the 6 concepts from the health belief model is demonstrated in this scenario?

perceived barriers.

500

What does the READS acronym for motivational interviewing stand for?

Roll with resistance (acknowledge)

Express empathy (understood)

Avoid argumentation (less defensive)

Develop discrepancy (acceptance)

Support self efficacy (build confidence)

500

How could a nurse help a patient who might not think that smoking is really that big of a risk to their health?

Provide statistics and education on the consequences of smoking, show them a video like the one we saw last week in lab, and recommend actions that they could take to reduce their risk of lung cancer and smoking-related diseases.

500

What is the proper nursing intervention for someone in the contemplation stage?

Helping the patient identify barriers and provide support.

500
List some factors that would be classified under the organizational/institutional factors of the ecological model for health promotion.

religious organizations, workplace organizations, schools, colleges, and universities...

500

Lisa signed up for a yoga class at the community center and plans to go twice a week to reduce her risk for osteoporosis. In which stage of the trans theoretical model is Lisa at?

Preparation. She has not started yet, but she is ready to get into it.

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