Developmental Psychology 2
Lawrence Kohlberg's stage of moral reasoning where behavior is governed by upholding laws and rules to gain social approval.
What is Conventional Morality?
In Freud’s theory, this is the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that mediates demands.
What is the Ego?
A general intelligence factor that Charles Spearman believed underlies all specific mental abilities.
What is the "g" factor?
The manual published by the APA, currently in its fifth edition, used to classify and diagnose psychological disorders.
What is the DSM-5?
Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard, famously studied by Solomon Asch.
What is Conformity?
Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stage for adolescence, in which teenagers work at refining a sense of self.
What is Identity vs. Role Confusion?
The basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.
What is Repression?
The original formula for this was defined as the ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100.
What is Intelligence Quotient (IQ)?
A mood disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness of depression and the overexcited state of mania.
What is Bipolar Disorder?
Stanley Milgram’s controversial shock experiments primarily studied this social phenomenon.
What is Obedience?
Harry Harlow’s monkey experiments demonstrated that attachment does not just come from nourishment, but from this.
What is Contact Comfort?
The most widely used projective test, seeking to identify inner feelings by analyzing interpretations of inkblots.
What is the Rorschach Inkblot Test?
Created by David Wechsler, it is currently the most widely used intelligence test for adults.
What is the WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale)?
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders like schizophrenia.
What are Delusions?
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity (e.g., mob mentality).
What is Deindividuation?
Adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new, conflicting information.
What is Accommodation?
The acronym used to remember the Big Five personality factors.
What is OCEAN (or CANOE)?
(Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism).
The extent to which a test yields consistent results upon retesting.
What is Reliability?
A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.
What is Systematic Desensitization?
An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members.
What is Prejudice?
Lev Vygotsky’s term for the gap between what a child can do alone and what they can do with assistance.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
Albert Bandura's concept of the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment.
What is Reciprocal Determinism?
Robert Sternberg’s theory of intelligence proposes three areas: Analytical, Creative, and this third type.
What is Practical Intelligence?
The tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition.
What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?
The phenomenon where one's performance on simple or well-learned tasks improves in the presence of others.
What is Social Facilitation?